Journal ArticleDOI
Gene admixture in the Costa Rican population.
TLDR
It has been concluded that the Costa Rican population is truly trihybrid, similar to populations in other Latin American countries; however, it differs from them fundamentally by the proportion of gene flow from ancestral populations.Abstract:
The general population of Costa Rica has sometimes been considered to be the product of an amalgamation of groups of diverse origin. To determine the magnitude of accumulated admixture since Spanish colonization, 11 classic genetic markers were analyzed in a total of 2196 individuals originating from five distinct regions of the country. A maximum likelihood approach was used. The proportions of genes of European, Amerindian and African ancestry were found to be 61%, 30% and 9% of the total population, respectively. Variation was observed at a regional level, with an increased European influence in the North (66%) and Central (65%) regions. Meanwhile an increase in Amerindian ancestry was found in the South (38%), and a higher incidence in the contribution of African genes was detected in the coastal regions (13% in the Atlantic and 14% in the North Pacific). A principal component (PC) analysis showed that 76% of the existing variability can be explained by the first two PCs, which is in agreement with the variations observed in the admixture process by geographic area. It has been concluded that the Costa Rican population is truly trihybrid, similar to populations in other Latin American countries; however, it differs from them fundamentally by the proportion of gene flow from ancestral populations.read more
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The global distribution of the Duffy blood group.
Rosalind E. Howes,Anand P. Patil,Frédéric B. Piel,Oscar A. Nyangiri,Caroline W Kabaria,Peter W. Gething,Peter A. Zimmerman,Céline Barnadas,Cynthia M. Beall,Amha Gebremedhin,Didier Menard,Thomas N. Williams,David J. Weatherall,Simon I. Hay +13 more
TL;DR: An extensive geo-database of surveys is collated, forming the evidence-base for a multi-locus Bayesian geostatistical model to generate global frequency maps of the common Duffy alleles to refine the global cartography of thecommon Duffy variants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interethnic admixture and the evolution of Latin American populations
Francisco M. Salzano,Mónica Sans +1 more
TL;DR: A systematic review of the data from molecular autosomal assessments of the ethnic/continental ancestries for 24 Latin American countries or territories provides a general picture of the present constitution of these populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of interleukin-1B and interleukin-1RN polymorphisms with gastric cancer in a high-risk population of Costa Rica.
TL;DR: This is one of the first studies trying to describe the role played by IL-1B,IL-1RN and IL-10 genetic polymorphisms in gastric cancer in a high-risk Costa Rican population, and finds an increased risk for developing Gastric cancer for allele 2 heterozygotes of the IL- 1RN.
Journal ArticleDOI
African ancestry is associated with risk of asthma and high total serum IgE in a population from the Caribbean Coast of Colombia.
Candelaria Vergara,Luis Caraballo,Dilia Mercado,Silvia Jiménez,Winston Rojas,Nicholas Rafaels,T. Hand,Monica Campbell,Yuhjung J. Tsai,Li Gao,Constanza Duque,Sergio Lopez,Gabriel Bedoya,Andres Ruiz-Linares,Andres Ruiz-Linares,Kathleen C. Barnes +15 more
TL;DR: The findings indicate that genetic factors can explain the association between asthma and African ancestry and suggest that this sample is a useful resource for performing admixture mapping for asthma.
Journal ArticleDOI
CYP2D6 genotype and phenotype in Amerindians of Tepehuano origin and Mestizos of Durango, Mexico.
Martha Sosa-Macías,Guillermo Elizondo,Carmen Flores-Pérez,Janet Flores-Pérez,Francisco Bradley-Alvarez,Ruth E. Alanis-Bañuelos,Ismael Lares-Asseff +6 more
TL;DR: The Tepehuano population was found to have a low phenotypic and genotypic CYP2D6 diversity and differed from other Amerindian groups, while the frequencies of the CYP 2D6 variant alleles in Mestizos were similar to those reported for whites.
References
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Book
A first course in factor analysis
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a basic understanding of factor analytic techniques so that readers can use them in their own research and critically evaluate their use by other researchers, both the underlying theory and correct application are emphasized.
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A First Course in Factor Analysis
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Mutations in NYX, encoding the leucine-rich proteoglycan nyctalopin, cause X-linked complete congenital stationary night blindness.
N. Torben Bech-Hansen,Margaret J. Naylor,Tracy A. Maybaum,Rebecca Sparkes,Ben F. Koop,David G. Birch,Arthur A.B. Bergen,Clemens F. M. Prinsen,Robert C. Polomeno,Andreas Gal,Arlene V. Drack,Maria A. Musarella,Samuel G. Jacobson,Rockefeller S.L. Young,Richard G. Weleber +14 more
TL;DR: The role of other SLRP proteins suggests that mutant nyctalopin disrupts developing retinal interconnections involving the ON-bipolar cells, leading to the visual losses seen in patients with complete CSNB.
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