Journal ArticleDOI
HYLIFE-II: A Molten-Salt Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plant Design — Final Report
Ralph W. Moir,R. L. Bieri,Xiang M. Chen,T. J. Dolan,M. A. Hoffman,P.A. House,R. L. Leber,J. D. Lee,Y. T. Lee,J. C. Liu,G. R. Longhurst,Wayne R. Meier,P. F. Peterson,Ronald W. Petzoldt,V. E. Schrock,M. Tobin,W. H. Williams +16 more
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TLDR
In this article, the liquid-wall HYLIFE-II conceptual design has been presented, which has been shown to reduce the electricity cost by using a neutronically thick array of flowing molten-salt jets, which will not burn, has a low tritium solubility and inventory, and protects the chamber walls.Abstract:
Enhanced safety and performance improvements have been made to the liquid-wall HYLIFE reactor, yielding the current HYLIFE-II conceptual design. Liquid lithium has been replaced with a neutronically thick array of flowing molten-salt jets (Li[sub 2]BeF[sub 4] or Flibe), which will not burn, has a low tritium solubility and inventory, and protects the chamber walls, giving a robust design with a 30-yr lifetime. The tritium inventory is 0.5 g in the molten salt and 140 g in the metal of the tube walls, where it is less easily released. The 5-MJ driver is a recirculating induction accelerator estimated to cost $570 million (direct costs). Heavy-ion targets yield 350 MJ, six times per second, to produce 940 MW of electrical power for a cost of 6.5 cents/kW[center dot]h. Both larger and smaller yields are possible with correspondingly lower and higher pulse rates. When scaled up to 1934 MW (electric), the plant design has a calculated cost of electricity of 4.5 cents/kW[center dot]h. The design did not take into account potential improved plant availability and lower operations and maintenance costs compared with conventional power plant experience, resulting from the liquid wall protection. Such improvements would directly lower the electricity cost figures. For example,more » if the availability can be raised from the conservatively assumed 75% to 85% and the annual cost of component replacement, operations, and maintenance can be reduced from 6% to 3% of direct cost, the cost of electricity would drop to 5.0 and 3.9 cents/kW[center dot]h for 1- and 2-GW (electric) cases. 50 refs., 15 figs., 3 tabs.« lessread more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neutronic study on a magnetic fusion reactor using protective liquid wall of thorium molten salts
Mustafa Übeyli,Şenay Yalçın +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the neutronic performance of the APEX fusion reactor using various molten salts was investigated, and the results showed that the salt, 75% LiF −23% ThF 4 −2% 233 UF 4 exhibited the best neutron performance among the investigated salts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neutronic Investigation of Inertial Fusion Energy Blankets for HYLIFE-II and Magnetohydrodynamic Applications
TL;DR: In this article, the tritium breeding and energy absorption in an inertial fusion energy (IFE) reactor chamber have been investigated with variable coolant zone thickness using different materials, including LiH, LiPb, and Li17-Pb83.
Journal ArticleDOI
Turbulent Liquid Sheets for Protecting IFE Reactor Chamber First Walls
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of initial conditions on the flow free-surface fluctuation was studied experimentally for vertical turbulent sheets of water issuing downwards from nozzles of thickness (small dimension) {delta} = 1 - 1.5 cm into ambient air.
Journal ArticleDOI
Target injection and tracking for inertial fusion energy
Ronald W. Petzoldt,Ralph W. Moir +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method to estimate the strength of frozen DT in the capsule to allow acceleration in excess of 10000 m s −2 if the DT temperature is less than 17 K.
Journal ArticleDOI
Final focus shielding designs for modern heavy-ion fusion power plant designs
J F Latkowski,Wayne R. Meier +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a modified version of the HYLIFE-II IFE power plant design is presented, and key magnet results as a function of the number of beams are presented.
References
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ReportDOI
High-Yield Lithium-Injection Fusion-Energy (HYLIFE) reactor
TL;DR: The High-Yield Lithium-Injection Fusion Energy (HYLIFE) concept to convent inertial confinement fusion energy into electric power has undergone intensive research and refinement at LLNL since 1978 as discussed by the authors, focusing on the HYLIFE reaction chamber (which includes neutronics, liquid-metal jet-array hydrocynamics, and structural design), supporting systems, primary steam system and balance of plant, safety and environmental protection, and costs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Waste Disposal Assessment of HYLIFE-II Structure
TL;DR: The initial scoping analysis indicates that by using Type 304 stainless steel (SS), most of the vacuum vessel's structural mass in the HYLIFE-II inertial fusion energy power plant conceptual design cou....
Journal ArticleDOI
HYLIFE-II Inertial Confinement Fusion Reactor Design
TL;DR: The HYLIFE-II inertial fusion power plant design study uses a liquid fall, in the form of jets to protect the first structural wall from neutron damage, x-rays, and blast to provide a 30-y lifetime.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hylife-II Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plant Design
TL;DR: In this article, an inertial fusion power plant design study uses a liquid fall, in the form of jets, to protect the first structural wall from neutron damage, x rays, and blast to provide a 30-y lifetime.
Journal ArticleDOI
Updated comparison of economics of fusion reactors with advanced fission reactors
TL;DR: In this article, the projected cost of electricity (COE) for fusion is compared with that from current and advanced nuclear fission and coal-fired plants, and the results show COEs of about 59--74 mills/kWh for the fusion designs considered.
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