Journal ArticleDOI
HYLIFE-II: A Molten-Salt Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plant Design — Final Report
Ralph W. Moir,R. L. Bieri,Xiang M. Chen,T. J. Dolan,M. A. Hoffman,P.A. House,R. L. Leber,J. D. Lee,Y. T. Lee,J. C. Liu,G. R. Longhurst,Wayne R. Meier,P. F. Peterson,Ronald W. Petzoldt,V. E. Schrock,M. Tobin,W. H. Williams +16 more
TLDR
In this article, the liquid-wall HYLIFE-II conceptual design has been presented, which has been shown to reduce the electricity cost by using a neutronically thick array of flowing molten-salt jets, which will not burn, has a low tritium solubility and inventory, and protects the chamber walls.Abstract:
Enhanced safety and performance improvements have been made to the liquid-wall HYLIFE reactor, yielding the current HYLIFE-II conceptual design. Liquid lithium has been replaced with a neutronically thick array of flowing molten-salt jets (Li[sub 2]BeF[sub 4] or Flibe), which will not burn, has a low tritium solubility and inventory, and protects the chamber walls, giving a robust design with a 30-yr lifetime. The tritium inventory is 0.5 g in the molten salt and 140 g in the metal of the tube walls, where it is less easily released. The 5-MJ driver is a recirculating induction accelerator estimated to cost $570 million (direct costs). Heavy-ion targets yield 350 MJ, six times per second, to produce 940 MW of electrical power for a cost of 6.5 cents/kW[center dot]h. Both larger and smaller yields are possible with correspondingly lower and higher pulse rates. When scaled up to 1934 MW (electric), the plant design has a calculated cost of electricity of 4.5 cents/kW[center dot]h. The design did not take into account potential improved plant availability and lower operations and maintenance costs compared with conventional power plant experience, resulting from the liquid wall protection. Such improvements would directly lower the electricity cost figures. For example,more » if the availability can be raised from the conservatively assumed 75% to 85% and the annual cost of component replacement, operations, and maintenance can be reduced from 6% to 3% of direct cost, the cost of electricity would drop to 5.0 and 3.9 cents/kW[center dot]h for 1- and 2-GW (electric) cases. 50 refs., 15 figs., 3 tabs.« lessread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Interactions between molten Flibe and metallic Be
Masanori Hara,Yuji Hatano,Michael F. Simpson,G. R. Smolik,J.P. Sharp,Yasuhisa Oya,Kenji Okuno,Masabumi Nishikawa,Takayuki Terai,Shota Tanaka,Robert A. Anderl,David A. Petti,D.-K. Sze +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, a metallic Be rod was immersed in molten Flibe at 803 K under He atmosphere for 210h, and the concentration of Be 0 in Flibe was evaluated by dissolving salt samples in acid solutions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monte Carlo calculation for various enrichment lithium coolant using different data libraries in a hybrid reactor
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the natural lithium and lithium with different enrichments between 10% and 90% on neutronic parameters; such as tritium breeding ratio (TBR), displacement per atom (DPA), and gas production using the different data libraries (ENDF/B.V, ENDF/A.VI and CLAW IV).
Journal ArticleDOI
Three-dimensional Monte Carlo calculation of gas production in structural material of APEX reactor for some evaluated data files
TL;DR: In this article, the three-dimensional Monte Carlo method was used to calculate the proton and He-4 gas production rates in the structural material of a fusion-fission hybrid reactor with the MCNPX-2.5 code.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selection of IFE target materials from a safety and environmental perspective
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the recycling, waste management and accident dose characteristics of potential target materials for inertial fusion energy (IFE) power plant designs, and the results of these calculations are used to identify specific isotopes and elements that are most likely to be offensive as well as those most acceptable in terms of their safety and environmental (S&E) characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low-Density Materials for Use in Inertial Fusion Targets
Warren P. Steckle,Arthur Nobile +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the preparation of high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) polystyrene for both direct-drive and indirect-drive systems for inertial confinement fusion (ICF).
References
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ReportDOI
High-Yield Lithium-Injection Fusion-Energy (HYLIFE) reactor
TL;DR: The High-Yield Lithium-Injection Fusion Energy (HYLIFE) concept to convent inertial confinement fusion energy into electric power has undergone intensive research and refinement at LLNL since 1978 as discussed by the authors, focusing on the HYLIFE reaction chamber (which includes neutronics, liquid-metal jet-array hydrocynamics, and structural design), supporting systems, primary steam system and balance of plant, safety and environmental protection, and costs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Waste Disposal Assessment of HYLIFE-II Structure
TL;DR: The initial scoping analysis indicates that by using Type 304 stainless steel (SS), most of the vacuum vessel's structural mass in the HYLIFE-II inertial fusion energy power plant conceptual design cou....
Journal ArticleDOI
HYLIFE-II Inertial Confinement Fusion Reactor Design
TL;DR: The HYLIFE-II inertial fusion power plant design study uses a liquid fall, in the form of jets to protect the first structural wall from neutron damage, x-rays, and blast to provide a 30-y lifetime.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hylife-II Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plant Design
TL;DR: In this article, an inertial fusion power plant design study uses a liquid fall, in the form of jets, to protect the first structural wall from neutron damage, x rays, and blast to provide a 30-y lifetime.
Journal ArticleDOI
Updated comparison of economics of fusion reactors with advanced fission reactors
TL;DR: In this article, the projected cost of electricity (COE) for fusion is compared with that from current and advanced nuclear fission and coal-fired plants, and the results show COEs of about 59--74 mills/kWh for the fusion designs considered.
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