Immobilisation and application of lipases in organic media.
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TLDR
The practical applications of lipases in organic media reviewed include ester synthesis, modification of triacylglycerols and phospholipids, fatty acid enrichment, enantiomer resolution, biodiesel production and acylation of carbohydrates and bioactive compounds.Abstract:
Different methods of preparing lipases for use in organic media are critically reviewed. Solid lipase preparations can be made by typical immobilisation methods such as adsorption, entrapment, covalent coupling or cross-linking. Immobilisation is especially attractive for lipases because, in addition to the normal benefits of enzyme immobilisation, it can also lead to a considerable increase in catalytic activity, probably caused by conformational changes in the lipase molecules. Activation can be achieved, for example, using hydrophobic support materials or surfactants during the immobilisation procedure. Surfactants can also be used to solubilise lipases in organic media via the formation of hydrophobic ion pairs, surfactant-coated lipase or reversed micelles. Lipase preparation methods are discussed with regard to potential lipase inactivation and activation effects, mass transfer limitations, lipase stability and other features important for applications. The practical applications of lipases in organic media reviewed include ester synthesis, modification of triacylglycerols and phospholipids, fatty acid enrichment, enantiomer resolution, biodiesel production and acylation of carbohydrates and bioactive compounds.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Enzyme immobilization by adsorption: a review
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative analysis of the literature reports on the recent trends in the enzyme immobilization by adsorption is presented, where both carriers, carrier modifiers and procedures developed for effective adaption of the enzymes are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immobilization of lipases on hydrophobic supports involves the open form of the enzyme
Evelin A. Manoel,Evelin A. Manoel,José C. S. dos Santos,José C. S. dos Santos,Denise M. G. Freire,Nazzoly Rueda,Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente +6 more
TL;DR: The results confirm that the lipases immobilized on octyl agarose presented their open form stabilized while the covalent preparation maintains a closing/opening equilibrium that may be modulated by altering the medium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lipase catalysis in organic solvents: advantages and applications
TL;DR: The present review describes the advantages of lipase-catalyzed reactions in organic Solvents and various effects of organic solvents on their activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novozym 435: the “perfect” lipase immobilized biocatalyst?
Claudia Ortiz,María Luján Ferreira,Oveimar Barbosa,José C. S. dos Santos,Rafael C. Rodrigues,Ángel Berenguer-Murcia,Laura E. Briand,Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente +7 more
TL;DR: Novozym 435 (N435) is a commercially available immobilized lipase produced by Novozymes with its advantages and drawbacks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial lipases and their industrial applications: a comprehensive review
TL;DR: Immobilization has made the use of microbial lipases accomplish its best performance and hence suitable for several reactions and need to enhance aroma to the immobilization processes and reduce logistical liability on the environment and user.
References
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A serine protease triad forms the catalytic centre of a triacylglycerol lipase.
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TL;DR: The X-ray structure of the Mucor miehei triglyceride lipase is reported and the atomic model obtained reveals a Ser .. His .. Asp trypsin-like catalytic triad with an active serine buried under a short helical fragment of a long surface loop.