Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of Battery/Ultracapacitor Energy-Storage Sizing on Battery Lifetime in a Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle
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TLDR
It is concluded that not only should the energy storage devices of a FCHEV be sized by their power and energy requirements, but the battery lifetime should also be considered.Abstract:
Combining high-energy-density batteries and high-power-density ultracapacitors in fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEVs) results in a high-performance, highly efficient, low-size, and light system. Often, the battery is rated with respect to its energy requirement to reduce its volume and mass. This does not prevent deep discharges of the battery, which are critical to the lifetime of the battery. In this paper, the ratings of the battery and ultracapacitors are investigated. Comparisons of the system volume, the system mass, and the lifetime of the battery due to the rating of the energy storage devices are presented. It is concluded that not only should the energy storage devices of a FCHEV be sized by their power and energy requirements, but the battery lifetime should also be considered. Two energy-management strategies, which sufficiently divide the load power between the fuel cell stack, the battery, and the ultracapacitors, are proposed. A charging strategy, which charges the energy-storage devices due to the conditions of the FCHEV, is also proposed. The analysis provides recommendations on the design of the battery and the ultracapacitor energy-storage systems for FCHEVs.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Battery, Ultracapacitor, Fuel Cell, and Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Electric, Hybrid Electric, Fuel Cell, and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles: State of the Art
Alireza Khaligh,Zhihao Li +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present state-of-the-art energy storage topologies for hybrid electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) and compare battery, UC, and fuel cell technologies.
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A review of energy sources and energy management system in electric vehicles
Siang Fui Tie,Chee Wei Tan +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the state-of-the-art of the energy sources, storage devices, power converters, low-level control energy management strategies and high supervisor control algorithms used in electric vehicles are reviewed.
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Review of energy storage systems for electric vehicle applications: Issues and challenges
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors comprehensively review technologies of ESSs, its classifications, characteristics, constructions, electricity conversion, and evaluation processes with advantages and disadvantages for EV applications.
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A Comprehensive Study of Key Electric Vehicle (EV) Components, Technologies, Challenges, Impacts, and Future Direction of Development
TL;DR: The authors in this article reviewed all the useful data available on EV configurations, battery energy sources, electrical machines, charging techniques, optimization techniques, impacts, trends, and possible directions of future developments.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Model Predictive Control System for a Hybrid Battery-Ultracapacitor Power Source
TL;DR: In this paper, a model predictive control system for a hybrid battery-ultracapacitor power source is proposed and experimentally verified, where the controller allocates fast current changes to the ultracapacitors while the battery responds mainly to slow current changes which helps to increase the battery lifetime.
References
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Book
Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an introduction to automotive technology, with specic reference to battery electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell electric vehicles, in which the profound knowledge, mathematical modeling, simulations, and control are clearly presented.
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Modern electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicles : fundamentals, theory, and design
TL;DR: This document discusses the design and control principles of the Hybrid Electric Drive Trains, and the designs of the Drive Train Engine/Generator Power Design and Energy Design of Energy Storage Appendices Index.
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Electric Vehicle Technology Explained
James Larminie,John Lowry +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the development of electric vehicles in the 20th century and present a brief history of electric vehicle development and its development towards the end of the 1990s.
Journal ArticleDOI
Power electronics intensive solutions for advanced electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicular power systems
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the present situation as well as projected future research and development work of advanced vehicular electrical power systems including those of electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicles (EVs, HEVs, and FCVs).
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling and Simulation of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
TL;DR: Different modeling methods such as physics-based Resistive Companion Form technique and Bond Graph method are presented with powertrain component and system modeling examples to discuss the need for modeling and simulation of electric and hybrid vehicles.
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