Journal ArticleDOI
Intracellular Localization of the Glucocorticoid Receptor: Evidence for Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Localization*
TLDR
An in vitro model is described, where the effect of dexamethasone administration upon the localization of receptor staining in H-4-II-E cells can be studied and generalizations with regard to steroid receptor localization cannot be made.Abstract:
Using a monospecific, monoclonal antibody against the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), an immunocytochemical study was performed to investigate the intracellular localization of GR both in the presence or absence of ligand. With all fixation methods tested (paraformaldehyde, acetic acid in ethanol, Bouin's fixative, and bensochinone in PBS), it was possible to obtain specific GR staining. Fixation with paraformaldehyde was chosen for further studies on the effect of permeabilization, using several concentrations of Triton X-100 or saponin. A rat Rueber hepatoma (H-4-II-E) and a human uterus carcinoma (NHIK 3025) cell line were used as well as cultured hepatocytes from normal rat. The accessibility of the different cell compartments after fixation and permeabilization was tested for by using antibodies against cellular constituents with known locations (i.e. core-nucleosome proteins and tubulin), in combination with the anti-GR antibody in double immunofluorescence staining experiments. The specific GR stain ...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Two signals mediate hormone-dependent nuclear localization of the glucocorticoid receptor.
D. Picard,Keith R. Yamamoto +1 more
TL;DR: Hormonal control of nuclear localization contributes to the modulation of glucocorticoid receptor transcriptional regulatory activity and is consistent with the rapid kinetics of hormone‐regulated transcription mediated by the receptor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Steroid receptor family: structure and functions.
TL;DR: There is a consensus that one major function is to inactivate receptor by blocking DNA binding, and posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation have been postulated to modulate several functional properties of steroid receptors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glucocorticoid receptor beta, a potential endogenous inhibitor of glucocorticoid action in humans.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated here that hGR beta is able to inhibit the effects of hormone-activated hGR alpha on a glucocorticoid-responsive reporter gene in a concentration-dependent manner and may be a physiologically and pathophysiologically relevant endogenous inhibitor of glucoc Corticoid action.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional activation and nuclear targeting signals of the human androgen receptor
TL;DR: A concerted interplay among the domains of the AR protein in regulating gene transcription is demonstrated, with androgen-dependent nuclear uptake and inhibition of wild type AR by coexpression with an inactive NH2-terminal fragment suggested competition for nuclear factors required for transcriptional regulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Domains of the human androgen receptor involved in steroid binding, transcriptional activation, and subcellular localization.
Guido Jenster,Hetty A. G. M. van der Korput,Cor van Vroonhoven,Theo H. van der Kwast,Jan Trapman,Albert O. Brinkmann +5 more
TL;DR: A series of human androgen receptor (AR) deletion mutants was constructed to study the relationship between the structural domains and their different functions in the AR protein, indicating that in the absence of hormone this domain displays an inhibitory function.
References
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Monoclonal antibodies localize oestrogen receptor in the nuclei of target cells.
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Two signals mediate hormone-dependent nuclear localization of the glucocorticoid receptor.
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