Journal ArticleDOI
Ischemic Cell Death in Brain Neurons
TLDR
A major unifying thread of the review is a consideration of how the changes occurring during and after ischemia conspire to produce damaging levels of free radicals and peroxynitrite to activate calpain and other Ca(2+)-driven processes that are damaging, and to initiate the apoptotic process.Abstract:
This review is directed at understanding how neuronal death occurs in two distinct insults, global ischemia and focal ischemia. These are the two principal rodent models for human disease. Cell dea...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite in Health and Disease
TL;DR: Current evidence indicates that most of the cytotoxicity attributed to NO is rather due to peroxynitrite, produced from the diffusion-controlled reaction between NO and another free radical, the superoxide anion, which is presented in detail in this review.
Journal ArticleDOI
The immunology of stroke: from mechanisms to translation
TL;DR: Gaining a better understanding of the reciprocal interaction between the immune system and the ischemic brain is essential to harness the full therapeutic potential of the immunology of stroke.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrogen acts as a therapeutic antioxidant by selectively reducing cytotoxic oxygen radicals
Ikuroh Ohsawa,Masahiro Ishikawa,Kumiko Takahashi,Megumi Watanabe,Kiyomi Nishimaki,Kumi Yamagata,Ken-ichiro Katsura,Yasuo Katayama,Sadamitsu Asoh,Shigeo Ohta +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors showed that hydrogen (H2 )h can be used as an effective antioxidant therapy; owing to its ability to rapidly diffuse across membranes, it can reach and react with cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thus protect against oxidative damage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms, challenges and opportunities in stroke
TL;DR: This new research focus addresses an important need in stroke research, provides challenges and opportunities that can be used to therapeutic advantage and is focused on how blood vessels and brain cells communicate with each other.
Journal ArticleDOI
Apoptosis in neurodegenerative disorders
TL;DR: With the identification of mechanisms that either promote or prevent neuronal apoptosis come new approaches for preventing and treating neurodegenerative disorders.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics.
TL;DR: Apoptosis seems to be involved in cell turnover in many healthy adult tissues and is responsible for focal elimination of cells during normal embryonic development, and participates in at least some types of therapeutically induced tumour regression.
Book ChapterDOI
Cell death : the significance of apoptosis
TL;DR: It has proved feasible to categorize most if not all dying cells into one or the other of two discrete and distinctive patterns of morphological change, which have, generally, been found to occur under disparate but individually characteristic circumstances.
Journal ArticleDOI
Apparent hydroxyl radical production by peroxynitrite: implications for endothelial injury from nitric oxide and superoxide.
TL;DR: It is proposed that superoxide dismutase may protect vascular tissue stimulated to produce superoxide and NO under pathological conditions by preventing the formation of peroxynitrite.
Journal ArticleDOI
Death receptors: signaling and modulation
Avi Ashkenazi,Vishva M. Dixit +1 more
TL;DR: Apoptosis is a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to control cell number in tissues and to eliminate individual cells that threaten the animal's survival.
Journal ArticleDOI
THE NF-κB AND IκB PROTEINS: New Discoveries and Insights
TL;DR: The transcription factor NF-κB has attracted widespread attention among researchers in many fields based on its unusual and rapid regulation, the wide range of genes that it controls, its central role in immunological processes, the complexity of its subunits, and its apparent involvement in several diseases.