Journal ArticleDOI
Longevity and Education: A Demographic Perspective.
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TLDR
Evidence based on population-level statistics and exploring an important single factor could inspire further discussion about the possibilities for extending human length of life at the national level.Abstract:
In the second half of the 20th century, the advances in human longevity observed have been accompanied by an increase in the disparities between countries and regions. Education is one of the strongest predictors of life expectancy. Studies have shown that both relative and absolute mortality differences by education within countries have been increasing, even in the most developed and egalitarian countries. It is possible to assume that groups of highly educated people who systematically display life expectancy levels which are higher than the observed best practice (record) life expectancy at the national level are vanguards who are leading the way toward a lengthening of life for the remaining population groups. This evidence based on population-level statistics and exploring an important single factor could inspire further discussion about the possibilities for extending human length of life at the national level. However, more comprehensive and reliable data covering a larger number of countries and more covariates are needed for understanding health effects of education and prospects of human longevity.read more
Citations
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Trends in life expectancy and age-specific mortality in England and Wales, 1970-2016, in comparison with a set of 22 high-income countries: an analysis of vital statistics data.
TL;DR: Although many countries have seen slower increases in life expectancy since 2011, trends in England and Wales are among the best, and the poor performance of female life expectancy over the long-term is in part driven by the relative timing of the smoking epidemic across countries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Historical demography and longevity genetics: Back to the future
TL;DR: Historical demographic data containing deep genealogical information may help in estimating the best definition and heritability for longevity, its transmission patterns in multi-generational datasets and may allow relevant additive and modifying environmental factors such as socio-economic status, geographical background, exposure to environmental effects, birth order, and number of children to be included.
Journal ArticleDOI
The impact of increasing education levels on rising life expectancy: a decomposition analysis for Italy, Denmark, and the USA
Marc Luy,Marc Luy,Marina Zannella,Marina Zannella,Marina Zannella,Christian Wegner-Siegmundt,Christian Wegner-Siegmundt,Yuka Minagawa,Wolfgang Lutz,Graziella Caselli +9 more
TL;DR: This study demonstrates strong associations between education and overall population health, suggesting that education policies can also be seen as indirect health policies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of Population Aging in Europe and Asia Using a Time-Consistent and Comparative Aging Measure.
TL;DR: This measure compares population aging in Europe and Asia using a measure that is both consistent over time and appropriate for cross-country comparison and reveals higher population aging estimates in most Asian and Eastern European countries and more diversity in aging.
References
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TL;DR: Research suggests that ageing processes are modifiable and that people are living longer without severe disability, and this finding will be important for the chances to meet the challenges of ageing populations.
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Broken Limits to Life Expectancy
Jim Oeppen,James W. Vaupel +1 more
TL;DR: The evidence presented in this paper suggests that the apparent leveling off of life expectancy in various countries is an artifact of laggards catching up and leaders falling behind, not a sign that life expectancy is approaching its limit.
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Measuring the magnitude of socio-economic inequalities in health: an overview of available measures illustrated with two examples from Europe.
TL;DR: Eight different classes of summary measures can be distinguished, and measures of "total impact" can be further subdivided on the basis of their underlying assumptions, to arrive at 12 types of summary measure.
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Biodemography of human ageing.
TL;DR: Research by demographers, epidemiologists and other biomedical researchers suggests that further progress is likely to be made in advancing the frontier of survival — and healthy survival — to even greater ages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Education, age, and the cumulative advantage in health
Catherine E. Ross,Chia-Ling Wu +1 more
TL;DR: It is found that the gap in self-reported health, in physical functioning, and in physical well-being among people with high and low educational attainment increases with age, and the health advantage of the well educated is larger in older age groups than in younger.