Journal ArticleDOI
Lymphocyte responses and cytokines
William E. Paul,Robert A. Seder +1 more
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This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 1994-01-28. It has received 1890 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Lymphocyte & T lymphocyte.read more
Citations
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Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chains (CD25). Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases.
TL;DR: The authors showed that CD4+CD25+ cells contribute to maintaining self-tolerance by downregulating immune response to self and non-self Ags in an Ag-nonspecific manner, presumably at the T cell activation stage.
Journal ArticleDOI
A novel transcription factor, T-bet, directs Th1 lineage commitment.
Susanne J. Szabo,Sean T Kim,Gina L. Costa,Xiankui Zhang,C. Garrison Fathman,Laurie H. Glimcher +5 more
TL;DR: T-bet initiates Th1 lineage development from naive Thp cells both by activating Th1 genetic programs and by repressing the opposing Th2 programs, as evidenced by the simultaneous induction of IFNgamma and repression of IL-4 and IL-5.
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The Immunological Synapse: A Molecular Machine Controlling T Cell Activation
Arash Grakoui,Shannon K. Bromley,Cenk Sumen,Mark M. Davis,Andrey S. Shaw,Paul M. Allen,Michael L. Dustin +6 more
TL;DR: Immunological synapse formation is now shown to be an active and dynamic mechanism that allows T cells to distinguish potential antigenic ligands and was a determinative event for T cell proliferation.
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TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS OF THE NFAT FAMILY:Regulation and Function
TL;DR: Recent data on the diversity of the NFAT family of transcription factors, the regulation of NFAT proteins within cells, and the cooperation ofNFAT proteins with other transcription factors to regulate the expression of inducible genes are discussed.
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The Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis and Immune-Mediated Inflammation
TL;DR: Celsus described four of the five cardinal signs of inflammation 2000 years ago, and Eustachio discovered the adrenal glands almost 500 years ago; but not until 1936 did Selye note that in rats exposed to stressors, the adrenAL glands were enlarged, and the thymus and lymph nodes shrunken.
References
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Journal Article
Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins.
TL;DR: A panel of antigen-specific mouse helper T cell clones was characterized according to patterns of lymphokine activity production, and two types of T cell were distinguished.
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Interleukin-10-deficient mice develop chronic enterocolitis
TL;DR: The results indicate that the bowel inflammation in the mutants originates from uncontrolled immune responses stimulated by enteric antigens and that IL-10 is an essential immunoregulator in the intestinal tract.
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Development of TH1 CD4+ T cells through IL-12 produced by Listeria-induced macrophages
Chyi-Song Hsieh,Steven E. Macatonia,Catherine S. Tripp,Stanley F. Wolf,Anne O'Garra,Kenneth M. Murphy +5 more
TL;DR: This regulatory pathway may have evolved to enable innate immune cells, through interactions with microbial pathogens, to direct development of specific immunity toward the appropriate TH1 phenotype.
Journal ArticleDOI
The biology of interleukin-6.
TL;DR: Human IL-6 (BSF2) was originally identified as a factor in the culture supernatants of mitogen or antigen-stimulated peripheral mononuclear cells, which induced immunoglobulin production in Epstein Barr virus transformed B-cell lines or in Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1 stimulated normal B cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reciprocal expression of interferon gamma or interleukin 4 during the resolution or progression of murine leishmaniasis. Evidence for expansion of distinct helper T cell subsets.
TL;DR: The inverse relationship of IFN-gamma and IL-4 gene expression during leishmaniasis may underlie the divergence of cellular and humoral immunity that occurs during chronic infection with Leishmania and possibly other intracellular parasites.
Related Papers (5)
TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more