Showing papers in "Cell in 1993"

TL;DR: Two small lin-4 transcripts of approximately 22 and 61 nt were identified in C. elegans and found to contain sequences complementary to a repeated sequence element in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of lin-14 mRNA, suggesting that lin- 4 regulates lin- 14 translation via an antisense RNA-RNA interaction.

TL;DR: A gene is identified, named WAF1, whose induction was associated with wild-type but not mutant p53 gene expression in a human brain tumor cell line and that could be an important mediator of p53-dependent tumor growth suppression.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used haplotype analysis of linkage disequilibrium to spotlight a small segment of 4p16.3 as the likely location of the defect, which is expanded and unstable on HD chromosomes.

TL;DR: The Huntington's disease mutation involves an unstable DNA segment, similar to those described in fragile X syndrome, spino-bulbar muscular atrophy, and myotonic dystrophy, acting in the context of a novel 4p16.3 gene to produce a dominant phenotype.

TL;DR: Overexpressed Bax accelerates apoptotic death induced by cytokine deprivation in an IL-3-dependent cell line and counters the death repressor activity of B cl-2, suggesting a model in which the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax determines survival or death following an apoptotic stimulus.

TL;DR: In this article, an improved two-hybrid system was employed to isolate human genes encoding Cdk-interacting proteins (Cips) and found that CIP1 is a potent, tight-binding inhibitor of Cdks and can inhibit the phosphorylation of Rb by cyclin A-Cdk2.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the bowel inflammation in the mutants originates from uncontrolled immune responses stimulated by enteric antigens and that IL-10 is an essential immunoregulator in the intestinal tract.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a temporal gradient in Lin-14 protein is generated posttranscriptionally by multiple elements in the lin-14 3'UTR that are regulated by the heterochronic gene Lin-4.

TL;DR: A model in which Bcl-2 regulates an antioxidant pathway at sites of free radical generation is proposed in which it protected cells from H2O2- and menadione-induced oxidative deaths and suppressed lipid peroxidation completely.

TL;DR: Data suggest that bcl-x plays an important role in both positive and negative regulation of programmed cell death, as well as in tissues containing long-lived postmitotic cells, such as adult brain.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that an oncogene, specifically the adenovirus E1A gene, can sensitize fibroblasts to apoptosis induced by ionizing radiation, 5-fluorouracil, etoposide, and adriamycin, and the involvement of p53 in the apoptotic response suggests a mechanism whereby tumor cells can acquire cross-resistance to anticancer agents.

TL;DR: In addition to generalized organ hypoplasia in Igf1r(-/-) embryos, including the muscles, and developmental delays in ossification, deviations from normalcy were observed in the central nervous system and epidermis.

TL;DR: The variability in SH2 domain sequences at likely sites of contact provides a structural basis for the phosphopeptide selectivity of these families.

TL;DR: Data and reports indicating that S. cerevisiae msh2 mutations cause an instability of dinucleotide repeats like those associated with H NPCC suggest that hMSH2 is the HNPCC gene.

TL;DR: Northern hybridization revealed that Fas ligand is expressed in activated splenocytes and thymocytes, consistent with its involvement in T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and in several nonlymphoid tissues, such as testis.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the CED-3 protein acts as a cysteine protease in the initiation of programmed cell death in C. elegans and that cysteINE proteases also function in programmed cell deaths in mammals.

TL;DR: Postnatal growth curves indicated that surviving Igf-1(-/-) mutants, which are infertile and exhibit delayed bone development, continue to grow with a retarded rate after birth in comparison with wild-type littermates and become 30% of normal weight as adults.

TL;DR: A vertebrate gene related to the Drosophila segment polarity gene hedgehog, which is expressed specifically in the ZPA and in other regions of the embryo, that is capable of polarizing limbs in grafting experiments is isolated.

TL;DR: The purification and identification of the factors necessary for the E6-E6-AP-mediated ubiquitination of p53 are reported, and E 6-AP appears to have ubiquitin-protein ligase activity in the absence of E6.

TL;DR: Somatic as well as germline mutations of the gene were identified in RER+ tumor cells, and this mutS homolog is likely to be responsible for HNPCC.

TL;DR: In this article, the vitronectin-binding integrins α v β 3 and β 5 promote viral infection in a novel way since antibodies against these receptors or soluble penton base block virus internalization without affecting attachment.

TL;DR: Three members of a mouse gene family related to the Drosophila segment polarity gene, hedgehog (hh), are identified and it is suggested that Shh may play a role in the normal inductive interactions that pattern the ventral CNS.

TL;DR: It is proposed that this step is mechanistically relevant to amyloid formation in human prion disease and in AD; it is the formation of an ordered nucleus, which is the defining characteristic of a nucleation-dependent polymerization.

TL;DR: These experiments show that PrPC, possibly at close to normal levels, is required for the usual susceptibility to scrapie and that lack of homology between incoming prions and the host's PrP genes retards disease.

TL;DR: Investigation of flk-1 receptor tyrosine kinase mRNA expression by in situ hybridization analysis revealed specific association with endothelial cells at all stages of mouse development, suggesting a major role of this ligand-receptor signaling system in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.

TL;DR: Raf interacts with wild-type and activated Ras, but not with an effector domain mutant of Ras or with a dominant-interfering Ras mutant, and this interaction is dependent on GTP bound to Ras.

TL;DR: A mutation into the murine WT-1 tumor suppressor gene by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells resulted in embryonic lethality in homozygotes, and examination of mutant embryos revealed a failure of kidney and gonad development.

TL;DR: It is reported that in the absence of SNAP and NSF, these three SNAREs form a stable complex that can also bind synaptotagmin, suggesting that synapttagmin operates as a "clamp" to prevent fusion from proceeding in the absent of a signal.

TL;DR: A recessive Arabidopsis mutant, ctr1, that constitutively exhibits seedling and adult phenotypes observed in plants treated with the plant hormone ethylene is isolated and the DNA sequences of four mutant alleles were determined.