Massive star formation: nurture, not nature
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In this paper, the authors investigate the physical processes that lead to the formation of massive stars and find no correlation between the final mass of a massive star and the mass of the clump from which it forms.Abstract:
We investigate the physical processes that lead to the formation of massive stars. Using a numerical simulation of the formation of a stellar cluster from a turbulent molecular cloud, we evaluate the relevant contributions of fragmentation and competitive accretion in determining the masses of the more massive stars. We find no correlation between the final mass of a massive star, and the mass of the clump from which it forms. Instead, we find that the bulk of the mass of massive stars comes from subsequent competitive accretion in a clustered environment. In fact, the majority of this mass infalls on to a pre-existing stellar cluster. Furthermore, the mass of the most massive star in a system increases as the system grows in numbers of stars and in total mass. This arises as the infalling gas is accompanied by newly formed stars, resulting in a larger cluster around a more massive star. High-mass stars gain mass as they gain companions, implying a direct causal relationship between the cluster formation process and the formation of higher-mass stars therein.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Spitzer c2d legacy results: star-formation rates and efficiencies; evolution and lifetimes
Neal J. Evans,Michael M. Dunham,Jes K. Jørgensen,Melissa L. Enoch,Melissa L. Enoch,Bruno Merín,Bruno Merín,Ewine F. van Dishoeck,Juan M. Alcalá,Philip C. Myers,Karl R. Stapelfeldt,Tracy L. Huard,Tracy L. Huard,Lori Allen,Paul M. Harvey,Tim A. van Kempen,Geoffrey A. Blake,David W. Koerner,Lee G. Mundy,Deborah L. Padgett,Anneila I. Sargent +20 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors combined information drawn from studies of individual clouds into a combined and updated statistical analysis of star-formation rates and efficiencies, numbers and lifetimes for spectral energy distribution (SED) classes, and clustering properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toward Understanding Massive Star Formation
Hans Zinnecker,Harold W. Yorke +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a basic description of the collapse of a massive molecular core and a critical discussion of the three competing concepts of massive star formation are presented, including monolithic collapse in isolated cores, competitive accretion in a protocluster environment, stellar collisions and mergers in very dense systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interpreting Spectral Energy Distributions from Young Stellar Objects. I. A Grid of 200,000 YSO Model SEDs
TL;DR: In this article, a grid of radiation transfer models of axisymmetric young stellar objects (YSOs) is presented, covering a wide range of stellar masses (from 0.1 to 50 M) and evolutionary stages (from the early envelope infall stage to the late disk-only stage).
Journal ArticleDOI
ATLASGAL - The APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy at 870 microns
Frederic Schuller,Karl M. Menten,Yanett Contreras,Friedrich Wyrowski,Peter Schilke,Leonardo Bronfman,Thomas Henning,C. M. Walmsley,Henrik Beuther,Sylvain Bontemps,R. Cesaroni,L. Deharveng,Guido Garay,Fabrice Herpin,Bertrand Lefloch,Hendrik Linz,Diego Mardones,Vincent Minier,Sergio Molinari,Frédérique Motte,L. A. Nyman,V. Revéret,Christophe Risacher,D. Russeil,Nicola Schneider,Leonardo Testi,T. Troost,T. Vasyunina,M. Wienen,Annie Zavagno,Attila Kovács,Ernst Kreysa,Giorgio Siringo,Achim Weiss +33 more
TL;DR: The Large APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL) as mentioned in this paper is a large-scale, systematic database of massive pre-and proto-stellar clumps in the Galaxy, in order to understand how and under what conditions star formation takes place.
Journal ArticleDOI
MIPSGAL: A Survey of the Inner Galactic Plane at 24 and 70 μm
Sean Carey,Alberto Noriega-Crespo,D. R. Mizuno,S. Shenoy,Roberta Paladini,Kathleen Kraemer,S. D. Price,Nicolas Flagey,E. L. Ryan,E. L. Ryan,J. Ingalls,T. A. Kuchar,Daniela Pinheiro Gonçalves,Remy Indebetouw,Nicolas Billot,Francine R. Marleau,Deborah Padgett,Luisa Rebull,Eli Bressert,Babar Ali,Sergio Molinari,Peter G. Martin,G. B. Berriman,F. Boulanger,William B. Latter,Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschenes,R. F. Shipman,Leonardo Testi +27 more
TL;DR: MIPSGAL as discussed by the authors is a 278 deg^2 survey of the inner Galactic plane using the Multiband Infrared Photometer for Spitzer aboard the Spitzer Space Telescope.
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