Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms and functions of p38 MAPK signalling
Ana Cuadrado,Angel R. Nebreda +1 more
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TLDR
The molecular mechanisms underlying p38MAPK functions are dissected, with special emphasis on the activation and regulation of the core kinases, the interplay with other signalling pathways and the nature of p38 MAPK substrates as a source of functional diversity.Abstract:
The p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signalling pathway allows cells to interpret a wide range of external signals and respond appropriately by generating a plethora of different biological effects. The diversity and specificity in cellular outcomes is achieved with an apparently simple linear architecture of the pathway, consisting of a core of three protein kinases acting sequentially. In the present review, we dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying p38 MAPK functions, with special emphasis on the activation and regulation of the core kinases, the interplay with other signalling pathways and the nature of p38 MAPK substrates as a source of functional diversity. Finally, we discuss how genetic mouse models are facilitating the identification of physiological functions for p38 MAPKs, which may impinge on their eventual use as therapeutic targets.read more
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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and redox regulation in cellular signaling
TL;DR: This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms through which ROS directly interact with critical signaling molecules to initiate signaling in a broad variety of cellular processes, such as proliferation and survival, ROS homeostasis and antioxidant gene regulation, mitochondrial oxidative stress, apoptosis, and aging.
Journal ArticleDOI
Activation and Function of the MAPKs and Their Substrates, the MAPK-Activated Protein Kinases
Marie Cargnello,Philippe P. Roux +1 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms of MAPKAPK activation by the different MAPKs are reviewed and their physiological roles based on established substrates and recent discoveries are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
ROS and ROS-Mediated Cellular Signaling
TL;DR: This review paper focuses on the pattern of the generation and homeostasis of intracellular ROS, the mechanisms and targets of ROS impacting on cell-signaling proteins, ion channels and transporters, and modifying protein kinase and Ubiquitination/Proteasome System.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Reactive Oxygen Species: How Can ROS Activate MAPK Pathways?
TL;DR: Oxidative modifications of MAPK signaling proteins and inactivation and/or degradation of MKPs may provide the plausible mechanisms for activation ofMAPK pathways by ROS, which will be reviewed in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
MAP Kinase Pathways
TL;DR: MAP kinases are activated within protein kinase cascades that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and death and are grouped into three families: ERKs, JNKs, and p38/SAPKs.
References
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