Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of membrane fusion: disparate players and common principles
Sascha Martens,Harvey T. McMahon +1 more
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TLDR
This work discusses how proteins, including SNAREs, synaptotagmins and viral fusion proteins, might mediate close membrane apposition and induction of membrane curvature to drive diverse fusion processes.Abstract:
Membrane fusion can occur between cells, between different intracellular compartments, between intracellular compartments and the plasma membrane and between lipid-bound structures such as viral particles and cellular membranes In order for membranes to fuse they must first be brought together The more highly curved a membrane is, the more fusogenic it becomes We discuss how proteins, including SNAREs, synaptotagmins and viral fusion proteins, might mediate close membrane apposition and induction of membrane curvature to drive diverse fusion processes We also highlight common principles that can be derived from the analysis of the role of these proteinsread more
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Mitochondrial fusion and fission in cell life and death
TL;DR: The core components of the evolutionarily conserved fusion and fission machineries have now been identified, and mechanistic studies have revealed the first secrets of the complex processes that govern fusion andfission of a double membrane-bound organelle.
Journal ArticleDOI
α-Synuclein promotes SNARE-complex assembly in vivo and in vitro
Jacqueline Burré,Manu Sharma,Theodoros Tsetsenis,Vladimir L. Buchman,Mark R Etherton,Thomas C. Südhof +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that maintenance of continuous presynaptic SNARE-complex assembly required a nonclassical chaperone activity mediated by synucleins, which suggests that α-synuclein maintains normal synaptic function during aging.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanics of membrane fusion.
TL;DR: The conserved fusion-through-hemifusion pathway of merger between biological membranes is discussed and it is proposed that the entire progression, from the close juxtaposition of membrane bilayers to the expansion of a fusion pore, is controlled by protein-generated membrane stresses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coronavirus membrane fusion mechanism offers a potential target for antiviral development
TL;DR: The role of the CoV spike protein in mediating fusion of the viral and host cell membranes is reviewed, summarizing the results of research on SARS- CoV, MERS-CoV, and recent peer-reviewed studies of SARS -CoV-2, and it is suggested that the fusion mechanism be investigated as a potential antiviral target.
Journal ArticleDOI
Membrane curvature at a glance
TL;DR: Some of the discoveries about the functions of membrane curvature, where in addition to providing cell or organelle shape, local curvature can affect processes like membrane scission and fusion as well as protein concentration and enzyme activation on membranes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Receptor Binding and Membrane Fusion in Virus Entry: The Influenza Hemagglutinin
John J. Skehel,Don C. Wiley +1 more
TL;DR: Comparisons to the soluble N-ethyl-maleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein complex of vesicle fusion suggests that these molecules are all in the fusion-activated conformation and that the juxtaposition of the membrane anchor and fusion peptide, a recurring feature, is involved in the fused mechanism.
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SNAREs--engines for membrane fusion.
TL;DR: A fascinating picture of these robust nanomachines is emerging, which seems to be conserved and adaptable for fusion reactions as diverse as those involved in cell growth, membrane repair, cytokinesis and synaptic transmission.
Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal structure of a SNARE complex involved in synaptic exocytosis at 2.4 Å resolution
TL;DR: The X-ray crystal structure of a core synaptic fusion complex containing syntaxin-1A, synaptobrevin-II and SNAP-25B reveals a highly twisted and parallel four-helix bundle that differs from the bundles described for the haemagglutinin and HIV/SIV gp41 membrane-fusion proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI
SNAREpins: Minimal Machinery for Membrane Fusion
Thomas Weber,Boris V. Zemelman,James A. McNew,Benedikt Westermann,Michael Gmachl,Francesco Parlati,Thomas H. Söllner,James E. Rothman +7 more
TL;DR: Recombinant v- and t- SNARE proteins reconstituted into separate lipid bilayer vesicles assemble into SNAREpins-SNARE complexes linking two membranes, leading to spontaneous fusion of the docked membranes at physiological temperature.