Journal ArticleDOI
Medical applications of mid-IR lasers. Problems and prospects
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TLDR
The development of a new generation of solid-state lasers tunable over a wide range in the mid-IR range of the spectrum with parametric generation of light and a combination of high radiation intensity and relatively low pulse energy at high repetition frequency opens up new possibilities for less-invasive, high-precision, laser surgery, first and foremost, in ophthamology and neuro- and cardiosurgery.Abstract:
Any application of lasers in medicine is based on a compromise between the efficiency with which the laser radiation interacts with biological tissue and the concomitant collateral effects. Correspondingly, parameters minimizing undesirable damage to tissue must be determined. The development of a new generation of solid-state lasers tunable over a wide range in the mid-IR range of the spectrum with parametric generation of light and a combination of high radiation intensity and relatively low pulse energy at high repetition frequency opens up new possibilities for less-invasive, high-precision, laser surgery, first and foremost, in ophthamology and neuro- and cardiosurgery.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Metal Chalcogenides: A Rich Source of Nonlinear Optical Materials
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the recent developments in nonlinear optical (NLO) phenomena such as second harmonic and difference frequency generation (SHG and DFG), which are effective at producing a coherent laser beam in difficult to reach frequency regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis and prediction of mid-IR nonlinear optical metal sulfides with diamond-like structures
TL;DR: In this article, a 3D framework connected by various sulfide tetrahedral units, such as PS4, SiS4, GeS4 and AgS4 is characterized for nonlinear optical applications in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectral region.
Journal ArticleDOI
Na2ZnGe2S6: A New Infrared Nonlinear Optical Material with Good Balance between Large Second-Harmonic Generation Response and High Laser Damage Threshold.
TL;DR: Na2ZnGe2S6 exhibits excellent properties including a wide transparent region, large band gap, and especially a balance between a strong NLO coefficient and a high LDT, indicating a promising application in the IR region.
Journal ArticleDOI
Li2CdGeS4, A Diamond-Like Semiconductor with Strong Second-Order Optical Nonlinearity in the Infrared and Exceptional Laser Damage Threshold
Jacilynn A. Brant,Daniel J. Clark,Yong Soo Kim,Yong Soo Kim,Joon I. Jang,Jian-Han Zhang,Jennifer A. Aitken +6 more
TL;DR: The NLO semiconductor of title was quantitatively obtained by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of Cd, Ge, S, and a slight excess of Li2S as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
[A3X][Ga3PS8] (A = K, Rb; X = Cl, Br): promising IR non-linear optical materials exhibiting concurrently strong second-harmonic generation and high laser induced damage thresholds
TL;DR: In this article, a series of salt-inclusion chalcogenides, [A3X][Ga3PS8] (A = K, Rb; X = Cl, Br), which are constructed from alternate stacking of adamantane-like [GA3PS10]6− cluster layers and cationic [A 3X]2+ salt layers, have been developed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of pulsed laser ablation of biological tissues.
Alfred Vogel,Vasan Venugopalan +1 more
TL;DR: It was found that the structure and morphology also affect the energy transport among tissue constituents and therefore the ablation efficiency of biological tissues is increased.
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Material ejection in nanosecond Er:YAG laser ablation of water, liver, and skin
Ingo Apitz,Alfred Vogel +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the mechanisms of material ejection in Q-switched Er:YAG laser tissue ablation (70-ns pulse duration) where moderate and large radiant exposures are associated with large volumetric energy densities in the target material.
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Effect of the dynamic optical properties of water on midinfrared laser ablation
TL;DR: The results of in vitro ablation of skin confirm that the dynamic optical properties of tissue need to be considered in the understanding of laser ablation as well as the design, manufacture, use, and regulation of clinical laser systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantification and modeling of the dynamic changes in the absorption coefficient of water at /spl lambda/ = 2.94 /spl mu/m
TL;DR: In this article, a stable, high-energy Q-switched Er:YAG laser operating at 2.94 µm with a nearly diffraction-limited spatial beam profile was used to quantify the dynamic changes in the absorption coefficient of liquid water as a function of incident fluence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effective Laser Ablation of Bone Based on the Absorption Characteristics of Water and Proteins
Paulette Spencer,John M. Payne,Charles M. Cobb,Lou Reinisch,George M. Peavy,Dino D. Drummer,David L. Suchman,James R. Swafford +7 more
TL;DR: Comparisons of morphologic and chemical changes induced in the near-surface region of bone following exposure to the FEL at 3.0, 6.1, and 6.45 microm wavelengths suggest that the char layer is limited to an area less than approximately 6 microm from the surface, and Spectroscopic and histologic results indicated minimal thermal damage to bone ablated.