Journal ArticleDOI
Meta-analysis of major QTL for abiotic stress tolerance in barley and implications for barley breeding.
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TLDR
Meta-analysis was used to map the summarized major QTL for drought, salinity, and waterlogging tolerance from different mapping populations on the barley physical map through meta-analysis, and the positions of identified meta-QTL were refined and candidate genes were identified.Abstract:
We projected meta-QTL (MQTL) for drought, salinity, and waterlogging tolerance to the physical map of barley through meta-analysis. The positions of these MQTL were refined and candidate genes were identified.
Drought, salinity and waterlogging are three major abiotic stresses limiting barley yield worldwide. Breeding for abiotic stress-tolerant crops has drawn increased attention, and a large number of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for drought, salinity, and waterlogging tolerance in barley have been detected. However, very few QTL have been successfully used in marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding. In this study, we summarized 632 QTL for drought, salinity and waterlogging tolerance in barley. Among all these QTL, only 195 major QTL were used to conduct meta-analysis to refine QTL positions for MAS. Meta-analysis was used to map the summarized major QTL for drought, salinity, and waterlogging tolerance from different mapping populations on the barley physical map. The positions of identified meta-QTL (MQTL) were used to search for candidate genes for drought, salinity, and waterlogging tolerance in barley. Both MQTL3H.4 and MQTL6H.2 control drought tolerance in barley. Fine-mapped QTL for salinity tolerance, HvNax4 and HvNax3, were validated on MQTL1H.4 and MQTL7H.2, respectively. MQTL2H.1 and MQTL5H.3 were also the target regions for improving salinity tolerance in barley. MQTL4H.4 is the main region controlling waterlogging tolerance in barley with fine-mapped QTL for aerenchyma formation under waterlogging conditions. Detected and refined MQTL and candidate genes are crucial for future successful MAS in barley breeding.read more
Citations
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Why does salinity pose such a difficult problem for plant breeders
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TL;DR: The use of transgenic plants to improve the salt tolerance of crops has met with very limited success, due to the complexity of the trait, both genetically and physiologically as mentioned in this paper.
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Plants facing oxidative challenges—A little help from the antioxidant networks
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Journal ArticleDOI
Submergence and Waterlogging Stress in Plants: A Review Highlighting Research Opportunities and Understudied Aspects
TL;DR: Parts of submergence/waterlogging stress that have not yet been thoroughly studied at the molecular level in this context are highlighted, such as miRNA and retrotransposon expression, the influence of light/dark cycles, protein isoforms, root architecture, sugar sensing and signaling, post-stress molecular events, heavy-metal and salinity stress, and mRNA dynamics.
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Next-Generation Sequencing Accelerates Crop Gene Discovery
TL;DR: How NGS boosted bulk-segregant analysis (BSA), expression profiling, and the construction of polymorphism databases to facilitate the detection of QTLs and causative genes is summarized and illustrated.
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Improving Flooding Tolerance of Crop Plants
TL;DR: Recent progress and approaches to enhance crop resistance to flooding are summarized, including anatomical adaptations such as aerenchyma formation, the formation of a barrier against radial oxygen loss, and the growth of adventitious roots.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of salinity tolerance
Rana Munns,Mark Tester +1 more
TL;DR: The physiological and molecular mechanisms of tolerance to osmotic and ionic components of salinity stress are reviewed at the cellular, organ, and whole-plant level and the role of the HKT gene family in Na(+) exclusion from leaves is increasing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photosynthesis under drought and salt stress: regulation mechanisms from whole plant to cell
TL;DR: It is becoming apparent that plants perceive and respond to drought and salt stresses by quickly altering gene expression in parallel with physiological and biochemical alterations; this occurs even under mild to moderate stress conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genes and salt tolerance: bringing them together.
TL;DR: This review lists some candidate genes for salinity tolerance, and draws together hypotheses about the functions of these genes and the specific tissues in which they might operate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Abiotic stress, the field environment and stress combination
TL;DR: Tolerance to a combination of different stress conditions, particularly those that mimic the field environment, should be the focus of future research programs aimed at developing transgenic crops and plants with enhanced tolerance to naturally occurring environmental conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salinity tolerance in halophytes
TL;DR: Halophytes, plants that survive to reproduce in environments where the salt concentration is around 200 mm NaCl or more, constitute about 1% of the world's flora and research should be concentrated on a number of 'model' species that are representative of the various mechanisms that might be involved in tolerance.
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