Journal ArticleDOI
Micro-sized Si-C Composite with Interconnected Nanoscale Building Blocks as High-Performance Anodes for Practical Application in Lithium-Ion Batteries
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In this paper, a Si-C nanocomposites (e.g., nanowires, nanotubes, or nanoparticles) has been used to improve the capacity and cycling stability of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.Abstract:
The emerging markets of electric vehicles (EV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) generate a tremendous demand for low-cost lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy and power densities and long cycling life. [ 1–4 ] The development of such LIBs requires development of low cost, high energy-density cathode and anode materials. Conventional anode materials in commercial LIBs are primarily synthetic graphite-based materials with a capacity of ∼ 370 mAh/g. [ 5 ] Improvements in anode performance, particularly in anode capacity, are essential to achieving high energy densities in LIBs for EV and PHEV applications. Silicon has been intensively pursued as the most promising anode material for high-energy-density LIBs because of its high specifi c capacity ( > 3500 mAh/g) and abundance. [ 6 ] Despite its high capacity, Si suffers from fast capacity fading caused by its large volume change ( > 300%) during lithiation/delithiation and the serious issues stemming from this volume change, e.g., unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and disintegration (cracking and crumbling) of the electrode structure. [ 7 , 8 ] The development of Si-C nanocomposites (e.g., nanowires, nanotubes, or nanoparticles) has been widely studied. [ 9–18 ] These nanocomposites proved to be an effective method of improving capacity and cycling stability, since nano-sized Si can alleviate fracture during volume changes and the contact between Si and carbon can maintain electrical contact and improve conductivity of the nanocomposites. However, practical application of nano-sized Si materials in LIBs is diffi cult. First, achieving a high tap density is important for fabrication of high-energy LIBs for EVs and PHEVs, because it offers a high volumetric energy density. Unfortunately, the tap density of nano-sized materials is generally low, which in turn holds down their volumetric capacity. [ 19 ] Furthermore, preparation of nano-sized Si either requires chemical/physical vapor deposition or involves complicated processes, leading to costly, low-yield synthesis that is diffi cult to scale up to practical levels. [ 20–22 ] To date, the abundance of Si has not been fully capitalized upon due to lackread more
Citations
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Si/graphene composite as high-performance anode materials for Li-ion batteries
TL;DR: In this article, a Si/G composite with diatomite treated by low temperature magnesiothermic reduction was used to synthesize the porous Si/graphene (Si/G) composite.
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigating Ternary Li–Mg–Si Zintl Phase Formation and Evolution for Si Anodes in Li-Ion Batteries with Mg(TFSI)2 Electrolyte Additive
Xiang Li,James A. Gilbert,Stephen E. Trask,Ritesh Uppuluri,Saul H. Lapidus,Saida Cora,Niya Sa,Zhenzhen Yang,Ira Bloom,Fulya Dogan,John T. Vaughey,Baris Key +11 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Toward Promising Turnkey Solution for Next-Generation Lithium Ion Batteries: Scale Preparation, Fading Analysis, and Enhanced Performance of Microsized Si/C Composites
Qingrui Pan,Shuaifeng Lou,Pengjian Zuo,Tiansheng Mu,Chunyu Du,Xinqun Cheng,Yulin Ma,Yunzhi Gao,Geping Yin +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a silicon/carbon composite with micron scale was prepared by a simple ball-milled mixing method and subsequent carbonization process, and the composite electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigation towards scalable processing of silicon/graphite nanocomposite anodes with good cycle stability and specific capacity
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of ball milling time and NaOH etching temperature on the electrochemical properties of Si/Gr@void@C are investigated, and it is found that both carbon coating and Naoh etching processes cause some surface oxidation of the nanostructured Si particles derived from high-energy ball-milling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Silicon Microreactor as a Fast Charge, Long Cycle Life Anode with High Initial Coulombic Efficiency Synthesized via a Scalable Method
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed nano-anodes for silicon as a high-performance anode material, which have been impeded by its low intrinsic conductivity and huge volume expansion (>300%) during lithiation.
References
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Building better batteries
TL;DR: Researchers must find a sustainable way of providing the power their modern lifestyles demand to ensure the continued existence of clean energy sources.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanostructured materials for advanced energy conversion and storage devices
Antonino S. Aricò,Peter G. Bruce,Bruno Scrosati,Jean-Marie Tarascon,Jean-Marie Tarascon,Walter van Schalkwijk +5 more
TL;DR: This review describes some recent developments in the discovery of nanoelectrolytes and nanoeLECTrodes for lithium batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors and the advantages and disadvantages of the nanoscale in materials design for such devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires
Candace K. Chan,Hailin Peng,Gao Liu,Kevin McIlwrath,Xiao Feng Zhang,Robert A. Huggins,Yi Cui +6 more
TL;DR: The theoretical charge capacity for silicon nanowire battery electrodes is achieved and maintained a discharge capacity close to 75% of this maximum, with little fading during cycling.
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Lithium Batteries and Cathode Materials
TL;DR: This paper will describe lithium batteries in more detail, building an overall foundation for the papers that follow which describe specific components in some depth and usually with an emphasis on the materials behavior.
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Battery materials for ultrafast charging and discharging
Byoungwoo Kang,Gerbrand Ceder +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that batteries which obtain high energy density by storing charge in the bulk of a material can also achieve ultrahigh discharge rates, comparable to those of supercapacitors.