Journal ArticleDOI
Micro-sized Si-C Composite with Interconnected Nanoscale Building Blocks as High-Performance Anodes for Practical Application in Lithium-Ion Batteries
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In this paper, a Si-C nanocomposites (e.g., nanowires, nanotubes, or nanoparticles) has been used to improve the capacity and cycling stability of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.Abstract:
The emerging markets of electric vehicles (EV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) generate a tremendous demand for low-cost lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy and power densities and long cycling life. [ 1–4 ] The development of such LIBs requires development of low cost, high energy-density cathode and anode materials. Conventional anode materials in commercial LIBs are primarily synthetic graphite-based materials with a capacity of ∼ 370 mAh/g. [ 5 ] Improvements in anode performance, particularly in anode capacity, are essential to achieving high energy densities in LIBs for EV and PHEV applications. Silicon has been intensively pursued as the most promising anode material for high-energy-density LIBs because of its high specifi c capacity ( > 3500 mAh/g) and abundance. [ 6 ] Despite its high capacity, Si suffers from fast capacity fading caused by its large volume change ( > 300%) during lithiation/delithiation and the serious issues stemming from this volume change, e.g., unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and disintegration (cracking and crumbling) of the electrode structure. [ 7 , 8 ] The development of Si-C nanocomposites (e.g., nanowires, nanotubes, or nanoparticles) has been widely studied. [ 9–18 ] These nanocomposites proved to be an effective method of improving capacity and cycling stability, since nano-sized Si can alleviate fracture during volume changes and the contact between Si and carbon can maintain electrical contact and improve conductivity of the nanocomposites. However, practical application of nano-sized Si materials in LIBs is diffi cult. First, achieving a high tap density is important for fabrication of high-energy LIBs for EVs and PHEVs, because it offers a high volumetric energy density. Unfortunately, the tap density of nano-sized materials is generally low, which in turn holds down their volumetric capacity. [ 19 ] Furthermore, preparation of nano-sized Si either requires chemical/physical vapor deposition or involves complicated processes, leading to costly, low-yield synthesis that is diffi cult to scale up to practical levels. [ 20–22 ] To date, the abundance of Si has not been fully capitalized upon due to lackread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Micro-sized spherical silicon@carbon@graphene prepared by spray drying as anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Qingrui Pan,Pengjian Zuo,Shuaifeng Lou,Tiansheng Mu,Chunyu Du,Xinqun Cheng,Yulin Ma,Yunzhi Gao,Geping Yin +8 more
TL;DR: The micro-sized silicon@carbon@graphene spherical composite (Si@C@RGO) has been prepared by an industrially scalable spray drying approach and a subsequent calcination process as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polyvinyl alcohol grafted poly (acrylic acid) as water-soluble binder with enhanced adhesion capability and electrochemical performances for Si anode
Jiarong He,Lingzhi Zhang +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, polyvinyl alcohol grafted poly (acrylic acid) (PVA-g-PAA) is synthesized through graft polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) onto PVA backbone via a free radical reaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preparation of three-dimensional nanoporous Si using dealloying by metallic melt and application as a lithium-ion rechargeable battery negative electrode
TL;DR: In this article, a three-dimensional nanoporous interconnected silicon material with controlled pore and ligament sizes was prepared by dealloying using an Mg-Si precursor and Bi melt, and the remaining Si atoms self-organize into a nanoporous structure with characteristic length ranging from several ten to hundred nanometers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mesoporous carbon/silicon composite anodes with enhanced performance for lithium-ion batteries
TL;DR: In this paper, a mesoporous C/Si composite was synthesized by an organic-organic self-assembly of a triblock copolymer and a resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, where large number of hydroxyl groups of the RF resin directs the formation of a mesostructure and coating/dispersion of the Si nanoparticles by strong hydrogen bonding interactions.
References
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Building better batteries
TL;DR: Researchers must find a sustainable way of providing the power their modern lifestyles demand to ensure the continued existence of clean energy sources.
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Nanostructured materials for advanced energy conversion and storage devices
Antonino S. Aricò,Peter G. Bruce,Bruno Scrosati,Jean-Marie Tarascon,Jean-Marie Tarascon,Walter van Schalkwijk +5 more
TL;DR: This review describes some recent developments in the discovery of nanoelectrolytes and nanoeLECTrodes for lithium batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors and the advantages and disadvantages of the nanoscale in materials design for such devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires
Candace K. Chan,Hailin Peng,Gao Liu,Kevin McIlwrath,Xiao Feng Zhang,Robert A. Huggins,Yi Cui +6 more
TL;DR: The theoretical charge capacity for silicon nanowire battery electrodes is achieved and maintained a discharge capacity close to 75% of this maximum, with little fading during cycling.
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Lithium Batteries and Cathode Materials
TL;DR: This paper will describe lithium batteries in more detail, building an overall foundation for the papers that follow which describe specific components in some depth and usually with an emphasis on the materials behavior.
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Battery materials for ultrafast charging and discharging
Byoungwoo Kang,Gerbrand Ceder +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that batteries which obtain high energy density by storing charge in the bulk of a material can also achieve ultrahigh discharge rates, comparable to those of supercapacitors.