Journal ArticleDOI
Micro-sized Si-C Composite with Interconnected Nanoscale Building Blocks as High-Performance Anodes for Practical Application in Lithium-Ion Batteries
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In this paper, a Si-C nanocomposites (e.g., nanowires, nanotubes, or nanoparticles) has been used to improve the capacity and cycling stability of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.Abstract:
The emerging markets of electric vehicles (EV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) generate a tremendous demand for low-cost lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy and power densities and long cycling life. [ 1–4 ] The development of such LIBs requires development of low cost, high energy-density cathode and anode materials. Conventional anode materials in commercial LIBs are primarily synthetic graphite-based materials with a capacity of ∼ 370 mAh/g. [ 5 ] Improvements in anode performance, particularly in anode capacity, are essential to achieving high energy densities in LIBs for EV and PHEV applications. Silicon has been intensively pursued as the most promising anode material for high-energy-density LIBs because of its high specifi c capacity ( > 3500 mAh/g) and abundance. [ 6 ] Despite its high capacity, Si suffers from fast capacity fading caused by its large volume change ( > 300%) during lithiation/delithiation and the serious issues stemming from this volume change, e.g., unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and disintegration (cracking and crumbling) of the electrode structure. [ 7 , 8 ] The development of Si-C nanocomposites (e.g., nanowires, nanotubes, or nanoparticles) has been widely studied. [ 9–18 ] These nanocomposites proved to be an effective method of improving capacity and cycling stability, since nano-sized Si can alleviate fracture during volume changes and the contact between Si and carbon can maintain electrical contact and improve conductivity of the nanocomposites. However, practical application of nano-sized Si materials in LIBs is diffi cult. First, achieving a high tap density is important for fabrication of high-energy LIBs for EVs and PHEVs, because it offers a high volumetric energy density. Unfortunately, the tap density of nano-sized materials is generally low, which in turn holds down their volumetric capacity. [ 19 ] Furthermore, preparation of nano-sized Si either requires chemical/physical vapor deposition or involves complicated processes, leading to costly, low-yield synthesis that is diffi cult to scale up to practical levels. [ 20–22 ] To date, the abundance of Si has not been fully capitalized upon due to lackread more
Citations
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Facile synthesis of Si@void@C nanocomposites from low-cost microsized Si as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries
TL;DR: Si@void@C nanocomposites from commercial low-cost microsized Si via a combination of facile high-energy mechanical milling, resorcinol-formaldehyde resin coating and sodium hydroxide etching were synthesized in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of Si anode with a microsized-branched structure from recovered Al scrap for use in Li-Ion batteries
TL;DR: In this paper, a lithium-ion battery anode was constructed using micro-sized Si from acid-etching of cast Al-Si alloy scraps, which has a unique branched structure, with a diameter of 0.5-1.5m in branches and 5-10m in length.
Journal ArticleDOI
High Rate and Long Cycle Life of a CNT/rGO/Si Nanoparticle Composite Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Sizhe Wang,Jiaxuan Liao,Mengqiang Wu,Ziqiang Xu,Feng Gong,Cheng Chen,Yuesheng Wang,Xingbin Yan +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a carbon nanotube (CNT)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Si nanoparticle composite with alternated structure as Li-ion battery anode is prepared.
Journal ArticleDOI
Titanium Silicide Coated Porous Silicon Nanospheres as Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries
Young-Min Kim,Young-Min Kim,Jihoon Ahn,Seung Ho Yu,Dong Young Chung,Kyung Jae Lee,Jin-Kyu Lee,Yung-Eun Sung +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the facile synthesis of porous silicon structure via magnesiothermic reduction followed by coating of the surface with TiSi2 has been reported, which not only showed significant promise in overcoming the drastic volume change during charge and discharge cycles but also in improving the relatively low conductivity of silicon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon-coated hierarchically porous silicon as anode material for lithium ion batteries
TL;DR: In this paper, a hierarchically porous silicon composite is formed by coating the porous silicon particles obtained by magnesiothermically reducing commercial diatomite, and the void space between the silicon particles and the pores within each silicon particle are designed to accommodate the volume change of silicon in charge and discharge processes.
References
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TL;DR: This review describes some recent developments in the discovery of nanoelectrolytes and nanoeLECTrodes for lithium batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors and the advantages and disadvantages of the nanoscale in materials design for such devices.
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High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires
Candace K. Chan,Hailin Peng,Gao Liu,Kevin McIlwrath,Xiao Feng Zhang,Robert A. Huggins,Yi Cui +6 more
TL;DR: The theoretical charge capacity for silicon nanowire battery electrodes is achieved and maintained a discharge capacity close to 75% of this maximum, with little fading during cycling.
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Lithium Batteries and Cathode Materials
TL;DR: This paper will describe lithium batteries in more detail, building an overall foundation for the papers that follow which describe specific components in some depth and usually with an emphasis on the materials behavior.
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Battery materials for ultrafast charging and discharging
Byoungwoo Kang,Gerbrand Ceder +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that batteries which obtain high energy density by storing charge in the bulk of a material can also achieve ultrahigh discharge rates, comparable to those of supercapacitors.