Journal ArticleDOI
Micro-sized Si-C Composite with Interconnected Nanoscale Building Blocks as High-Performance Anodes for Practical Application in Lithium-Ion Batteries
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In this paper, a Si-C nanocomposites (e.g., nanowires, nanotubes, or nanoparticles) has been used to improve the capacity and cycling stability of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.Abstract:
The emerging markets of electric vehicles (EV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) generate a tremendous demand for low-cost lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy and power densities and long cycling life. [ 1–4 ] The development of such LIBs requires development of low cost, high energy-density cathode and anode materials. Conventional anode materials in commercial LIBs are primarily synthetic graphite-based materials with a capacity of ∼ 370 mAh/g. [ 5 ] Improvements in anode performance, particularly in anode capacity, are essential to achieving high energy densities in LIBs for EV and PHEV applications. Silicon has been intensively pursued as the most promising anode material for high-energy-density LIBs because of its high specifi c capacity ( > 3500 mAh/g) and abundance. [ 6 ] Despite its high capacity, Si suffers from fast capacity fading caused by its large volume change ( > 300%) during lithiation/delithiation and the serious issues stemming from this volume change, e.g., unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and disintegration (cracking and crumbling) of the electrode structure. [ 7 , 8 ] The development of Si-C nanocomposites (e.g., nanowires, nanotubes, or nanoparticles) has been widely studied. [ 9–18 ] These nanocomposites proved to be an effective method of improving capacity and cycling stability, since nano-sized Si can alleviate fracture during volume changes and the contact between Si and carbon can maintain electrical contact and improve conductivity of the nanocomposites. However, practical application of nano-sized Si materials in LIBs is diffi cult. First, achieving a high tap density is important for fabrication of high-energy LIBs for EVs and PHEVs, because it offers a high volumetric energy density. Unfortunately, the tap density of nano-sized materials is generally low, which in turn holds down their volumetric capacity. [ 19 ] Furthermore, preparation of nano-sized Si either requires chemical/physical vapor deposition or involves complicated processes, leading to costly, low-yield synthesis that is diffi cult to scale up to practical levels. [ 20–22 ] To date, the abundance of Si has not been fully capitalized upon due to lackread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A pomegranate-inspired nanoscale design for large-volume-change lithium battery anodes
TL;DR: The design is inspired by the structure of a pomegranate, where single silicon nanoparticles are encapsulated by a conductive carbon layer that leaves enough room for expansion and contraction following lithiation and delithiation, resulting in superior cyclability and Coulombic efficiency.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mesoporous silicon sponge as an anti-pulverization structure for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes
Xiaolin Li,Meng Gu,Shenyang Y. Hu,Rhiannon Kennard,Pengfei Yan,Xilin Chen,Chong M. Wang,Michael J. Sailor,Ji-Guang Zhang,Jun Liu +9 more
TL;DR: In-situ transmission electron microscopy and continuum media mechanical calculations are combined to demonstrate that large (>20 μm) mesoporous silicon sponge prepared by the anodization method can limit the particle volume expansion at full lithiation to ~30% and prevent pulverization in bulk silicon particles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Self-healing chemistry enables the stable operation of silicon microparticle anodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries
TL;DR: It is shown that anodes made from low-cost SiMPs, for which stable deep galvanostatic cycling was previously impossible, can now have an excellent cycle life when coated with a self-healing polymer and attain a cycle life ten times longer than state-of-art anodesmade from Si MPs and still retain a high capacity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Challenges and Recent Progress in the Development of Si Anodes for Lithium-Ion Battery
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the challenges and recent progress in the development of Si anodes for lithium-ion battery, including initial Coulombic efficiency, areal capacity, and material cost, which call for more research effort and provide a bright prospect for the widespread applications of silicon anodes in the future lithium ion batteries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Growth of conformal graphene cages on micrometre-sized silicon particles as stable battery anodes
TL;DR: In this paper, a graphene cage is grown conformally around the micro-silicon particles to improve their cycling stability, which is shown to improve the cycling stability of battery anodes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Self‐Assembled Germanium/Carbon Nanostructures as High‐Power Anode Material for the Lithium‐Ion Battery
TL;DR: A facile synthesis method is reported to produce germanium/carbon nanostructures by carbon coating and reduction of the oxide precursor to satisfy the requirements of electric vehicles with high energy consumption.
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Nanosilicon-Coated Graphene Granules as Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries
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Virus-Enabled Silicon Anode for Lithium- Ion Batteries
Xilin Chen,Konstantinos Gerasopoulos,Juchen Guo,Adam D. Brown,Chunsheng Wang,Reza Ghodssi,James N. Culver +6 more
TL;DR: The biological templated nanocomposite electrode architecture displays a nearly 10-fold increase in capacity over currently available graphite anodes with remarkable cycling stability.
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High-Performance Macroporous Bulk Silicon Anodes Synthesized by Template-Free Chemical Etching
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A new type of nano-sized silicon/carbon composite electrode for reversible lithium insertion
TL;DR: A new type of nano-sized silicon/carbon composite shows superior electrochemical cycling properties as negative electrode material for possible use in lithium-ion batteries with respect to high reversible and low irreversible capacity, and low fading.