Modulation of the Epithelial-Immune Cell Crosstalk and Related Galectin Secretion by DP3-5 Galacto-Oligosaccharides and β-3′Galactosyllactose
Veronica Ayechu-Muruzabal,M. van de Kaa,Reshmi Mukherjee,Johan Garssen,Bernd Stahl,Roland J. Pieters,Belinda Van't Land,Aletta D. Kraneveld,Linette E M Willemsen +8 more
TLDR
The GOS DP3-5 and most effectivelyDP3-sized β-3′GL supported the immunomodulatory properties induced by CpG by enhancing epithelial-derived galectin secretion, which, in turn, could support mucosal immunity.Abstract:
Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) were shown to support mucosal immune development by enhancing regulatory-type Th1 immune polarization induced by synthetic CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (TLR9 agonist mimicking a bacterial DNA trigger). Epithelial-derived galectin-9 was associated with these immunomodulatory effects. We aimed to identify the most active fractions within GOS based on the degree of polymerization (DP), and to study the immunomodulatory capacities of DP3-sized β-3′galactosyllactose (β-3′GL) using a transwell co-culture model of human intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). IEC were apically exposed to different DP fractions of GOS or β-3′GL in the presence of CpG, and basolaterally co-cultured with αCD3/CD28-activated PBMC, washed, and incubated in fresh medium for IEC-derived galectin analysis. Only DP3-5 in the presence of CpG enhanced galectin-9 secretion. DP3-sized β-3′GL promoted a regulatory-type Th1 response by increasing IFNγ and IL-10 or galectin-9 concentrations as compared to CpG alone. In addition, IEC-derived galectin-3, -4, and -9 secretion was increased by β-3′GL when combined with CpG. Therefore, the GOS DP3-5 and most effectively DP3-sized β-3′GL supported the immunomodulatory properties induced by CpG by enhancing epithelial-derived galectin secretion, which, in turn, could support mucosal immunity.read more
Citations
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Recent Research and Application Prospect of Functional Oligosaccharides on Intestinal Disease Treatment
TL;DR: An overview of the recent research into the effects of functional oligosaccharides on intestinal health can be found in this paper , where the authors present an overview of some of the most recent studies.
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Cell Biology of Galectins: Novel Aspects and Emerging Challenges
TL;DR: Galectins are a family of soluble β-galactoside-binding proteins with diverse glycan-dependent and Glycan-independent functions outside and inside the cell.
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Epithelial-derived galectin-9 containing exosomes contribute to the immunomodulatory effects promoted by 2’-fucosyllactose and short-chain galacto- and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides
Veronica Ayechu-Muruzabal,M. de Boer,Bart R. Blokhuis,Alinda J. Berends,Johan Garssen,Aletta D. Kraneveld,Belinda Van't Land,Linette E M Willemsen +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the contribution of exosomes in epithelial galectin secretion and subsequent immunoregulation upon exposure to a mixture of NDO by inhibiting exosome biogenesis was studied.
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Specific Human Milk Oligosaccharides Differentially Promote Th1 and Regulatory Responses in a CpG-Activated Epithelial/Immune Cell Coculture
Marit Zuurveld,Veronica Ayechu-Muruzabal,Gert Folkerts,Johan Garssen,Belinda Van't Land,Linette E M Willemsen +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the effects of five human milk oligosaccharides (2, 3, 3FL, 3′SL, 6′SL and LNnT) present in human milk have been studied.
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