Journal ArticleDOI
Moral Injury: An Integrative Review
Brandon J. Griffin,Brandon J. Griffin,Natalie Purcell,Natalie Purcell,Kristine Burkman,Kristine Burkman,Brett T. Litz,Brett T. Litz,Craig J. Bryan,Martha Schmitz,Martha Schmitz,Claudia Villierme,Jessica A. Walsh,Jessica A. Walsh,Shira Maguen,Shira Maguen +15 more
TLDR
Scientific research about moral injury is reviewed, summarizing lessons from the literature and offering recommendations for future research.Abstract:
Individuals who are exposed to traumatic events that violate their moral values may experience severe distress and functional impairments known as "moral injuries." Over the last decade, moral injury has captured the attention of mental health care providers, spiritual and faith communities, media outlets, and the general public. Research about moral injury, especially among military personnel and veterans, has also proliferated. For this article, we reviewed scientific research about moral injury. We identified 116 relevant epidemiological and clinical studies. Epidemiological studies described a wide range of biological, psychological/behavioral, social, and religious/spiritual sequelae associated with exposure to potentially morally injurious events. Although a dearth of empirical clinical literature exists, some authors debated how moral injury might and might not respond to evidence-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) whereas others identified new treatment models to directly address moral repair. Limitations of the literature included variable definitions of potentially morally injurious events, the absence of a consensus definition and gold-standard measure of moral injury as an outcome, scant study of moral injury outside of military-related contexts, and clinical investigations limited by small sample sizes and unclear mechanisms of therapeutic effect. We conclude our review by summarizing lessons from the literature and offering recommendations for future research.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mental health and clinical psychological science in the time of COVID-19: Challenges, opportunities, and a call to action.
June Gruber,Mitchell J. Prinstein,Lee Anna Clark,Jonathan Rottenberg,Jonathan S. Abramowitz,Anne Marie Albano,Amelia Aldao,Jessica L. Borelli,Tammy Chung,Joanne Davila,Erika E. Forbes,Dylan G. Gee,Gordon C. Nagayama Hall,Lauren S. Hallion,Stephen P. Hinshaw,Stefan G. Hofmann,Steven D. Hollon,Jutta Joormann,Alan E. Kazdin,Daniel N. Klein,Annette M. La Greca,Robert W. Levenson,Angus W. MacDonald,Dean McKay,Katie A. McLaughlin,Jane Mendle,Adam Bryant Miller,Enrique W. Neblett,Matthew K. Nock,Bunmi O. Olatunji,Jacqueline B. Persons,David C. Rozek,Jessica L. Schleider,George M. Slavich,Bethany A. Teachman,Vera Vine,Lauren M. Weinstock +36 more
TL;DR: COVID-19 is conceptualized as a unique, compounding, multidimensional stressor that will create a vast need for intervention and necessitate new paradigms for mental health service delivery and training.
Journal ArticleDOI
Achilles in Vietnam: Combat Trauma and the Undoing of Character
TL;DR: A Achilles in Vietnam compares and contrasts two wars separated by 27 centuries to put before the public an understanding of the specific nature of catastrophic war experiences that not only cause lifelong disabling psychiatric experiences but also contribute to posttraumatic stress disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
COVID-19 and experiences of moral injury in front-line key workers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Introduction to the Special Issue on Moral Injury: Conceptual Challenges, Methodological Issues, and Clinical Applications
TL;DR: This article introduces a special issue of the Journal of Traumatic Stress devoted to new directions in the study of moral injury, defined as transgressive harms and the outcomes of those experiences, and introduces the content and themes of the present collection of articles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Moral injury in healthcare professionals: A scoping review and discussion.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors synthesize the very limited evidence from empirical studies on moral injury and discuss a better understanding of the concept of moral injury, its importance in the healthcare context and its relation to the well-known notion of moral distress.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: A preliminary model and intervention strategy
Brett T. Litz,Nathan Stein,Eileen Delaney,Leslie Lebowitz,William P. Nash,Caroline Silva,Shira Maguen +6 more
TL;DR: To stimulate a critical examination of moral injury, a working conceptual framework and a set of intervention strategies designed to repair moral injury are offered.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Exploration of the Viability and Usefulness of the Construct of Moral Injury in War Veterans
TL;DR: It is widely recognized that along with physical and psychological injuries, war profoundly affects veterans spiritually and morally as mentioned in this paper. However, research about the link between combat and changes in behavior is limited.
Book
Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD: A Comprehensive Manual
TL;DR: Cognitive Processing Therapy for Ptsd A Prehensive, Cognitive Processing Therapy Training Phoenix Australia, Staff Perspective, and Resources:.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychometric Evaluation of the Moral Injury Events Scale
William P. Nash,Teresa Marino Carper,Teresa Marino Carper,Mary Alice Mills,Mary Alice Mills,Teresa Au,Teresa Au,Abigail A. Goldsmith,Abigail A. Goldsmith,Brett T. Litz +9 more
TL;DR: The overall Moral Injury Events Scale and its two subscales had favorable internal validity, and comparisons between the 1-week and 3-month data suggested good temporal stability.