More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas.
Caspar A. Hallmann,Martin Sorg,Eelke Jongejans,Henk Siepel,Nick Hofland,Heinz Schwan,Werner Stenmans,Andreas Müller,Hubert Sumser,Thomas Hörren,Dave Goulson,Hans de Kroon +11 more
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This analysis estimates a seasonal decline of 76%, and mid-summer decline of 82% in flying insect biomass over the 27 years of study, and shows that this decline is apparent regardless of habitat type, while changes in weather, land use, and habitat characteristics cannot explain this overall decline.Abstract:
Global declines in insects have sparked wide interest among scientists, politicians, and the general public. Loss of insect diversity and abundance is expected to provoke cascading effects on food webs and to jeopardize ecosystem services. Our understanding of the extent and underlying causes of this decline is based on the abundance of single species or taxonomic groups only, rather than changes in insect biomass which is more relevant for ecological functioning. Here, we used a standardized protocol to measure total insect biomass using Malaise traps, deployed over 27 years in 63 nature protection areas in Germany (96 unique location-year combinations) to infer on the status and trend of local entomofauna. Our analysis estimates a seasonal decline of 76%, and mid-summer decline of 82% in flying insect biomass over the 27 years of study. We show that this decline is apparent regardless of habitat type, while changes in weather, land use, and habitat characteristics cannot explain this overall decline. This yet unrecognized loss of insect biomass must be taken into account in evaluating declines in abundance of species depending on insects as a food source, and ecosystem functioning in the European landscape.read more
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Planetary health: from the wellspring of holistic medicine to personal and public health imperative
TL;DR: Mainstream planetary health discourse will be strengthened by inter‐professional healthcare perspectives, and a more sophisticated understanding of the ways in which social dominance orientation and medical authoritarianism compromise the World Health Organization's broad vision of global health.
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Effective Biodiversity Monitoring Needs a Culture of Integration
Hjalmar S. Kühl,Hjalmar S. Kühl,Diana E. Bowler,Diana E. Bowler,Diana E. Bowler,Lukas Bösch,Helge Bruelheide,Helge Bruelheide,Jens Dauber,David Eichenberg,David Eichenberg,David Eichenberg,Nico Eisenhauer,Nico Eisenhauer,Néstor Fernández,Carlos A. Guerra,Carlos A. Guerra,Klaus Henle,Klaus Henle,Ilka Herbinger,Nick J. B. Isaac,Florian Jansen,Birgitta König-Ries,Birgitta König-Ries,Ingolf Kühn,Ingolf Kühn,Ingolf Kühn,Erlend B. Nilsen,Guy Pe'er,Guy Pe'er,Guy Pe'er,Anett Richter,Anett Richter,Ralf Schulte,Josef Settele,Josef Settele,Josef Settele,Nicole M. van Dam,Nicole M. van Dam,Maria Voigt,Maria Voigt,Wolfgang Wägele,Christian Wirth,Christian Wirth,Aletta Bonn,Aletta Bonn,Aletta Bonn +46 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a framework for aligning different efforts to realize large-scale biodiversity monitoring through a networked design of stakeholders, data, and biodiversity schemes, and emphasize the value of integrating independent biodiversity observations in conjunction with a backbone of structured core monitoring.
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Dung beetle–mammal associations: methods, research trends and future directions
TL;DR: It is suggested that conclusions about the effects of habitat change on dung beetles are based on incomplete knowledge, and recommendations are provided for future work to identify the importance of considering mammal data for dung beetle distributions, composition and their contributions to ecosystem functioning.
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No consistent effects of humans on animal genetic diversity worldwide.
Katie L. Millette,Vincent Fugère,Vincent Fugère,Chloé Debyser,Ariel Greiner,Frédéric J. J. Chain,Andrew Gonzalez +6 more
TL;DR: The global effects of land use and human density on the intraspecific genetic diversity of 17 082 species of birds, fishes, insects and mammals between 1980 and 2016 are assessed.
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Economics for the future – Beyond the superorganism
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a cohesive narrative on how human evolved behavior, money, energy, economy and the environment fit together and how humans strive for the same emotional state of our successful ancestors.
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