More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas.
Caspar A. Hallmann,Martin Sorg,Eelke Jongejans,Henk Siepel,Nick Hofland,Heinz Schwan,Werner Stenmans,Andreas Müller,Hubert Sumser,Thomas Hörren,Dave Goulson,Hans de Kroon +11 more
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This analysis estimates a seasonal decline of 76%, and mid-summer decline of 82% in flying insect biomass over the 27 years of study, and shows that this decline is apparent regardless of habitat type, while changes in weather, land use, and habitat characteristics cannot explain this overall decline.Abstract:
Global declines in insects have sparked wide interest among scientists, politicians, and the general public. Loss of insect diversity and abundance is expected to provoke cascading effects on food webs and to jeopardize ecosystem services. Our understanding of the extent and underlying causes of this decline is based on the abundance of single species or taxonomic groups only, rather than changes in insect biomass which is more relevant for ecological functioning. Here, we used a standardized protocol to measure total insect biomass using Malaise traps, deployed over 27 years in 63 nature protection areas in Germany (96 unique location-year combinations) to infer on the status and trend of local entomofauna. Our analysis estimates a seasonal decline of 76%, and mid-summer decline of 82% in flying insect biomass over the 27 years of study. We show that this decline is apparent regardless of habitat type, while changes in weather, land use, and habitat characteristics cannot explain this overall decline. This yet unrecognized loss of insect biomass must be taken into account in evaluating declines in abundance of species depending on insects as a food source, and ecosystem functioning in the European landscape.read more
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A systems-based approach to the environmental risk assessment of multiple stressors in honey bees
Simon J. More,Vasileios Bampidis,Diane Benford,Claude Bragard,Thorhallur I. Halldorsson,Antonio F Hernandez-Jerez,Susanne Hougaard Bennekou,Kostas Koutsoumanis,Kyriaki Machera,Hanspeter Naegeli,Søren Saxmose Nielsen,Josef Rudolf Schlatter,Dieter Schrenk,Vittorio Silano,Dominique Turck,Maged Younes,Gérard Arnold,Jean-Lou Dorne,Angelo Maggiore,Stephen Pagani,Csaba Szentes,Simon Terry,Simone Tosi,Domagoj Vrbos,Giorgia Zamariola,Agnès Rortais +25 more
TL;DR: In this article, the European Parliament requested EFSA to develop a holistic risk assessment of multiple stressors in honey bees, and a system-based approach that is composed of two core components: a monitoring system and a modelling system are put forward with honey bees taken as a showcase.
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The value of biotic pollination and dense forest for fruit set of Arabica coffee: A global assessment
Celine Moreaux,Desirée Ayume Lopes Meireles,Jesper Sonne,Ernesto I. Badano,Alice Classen,Adrian González-Chaves,Juliana Hipólito,Juliana Hipólito,Alexandra-Maria Klein,Pietro K. Maruyama,Jean Paul Metzger,Stacy M. Philpott,Carsten Rahbek,Fernanda Teixeira Saturni,Tuanjit Sritongchuay,Teja Tscharntke,Shinsuke Uno,Carlos H. Vergara,Blandina Felipe Viana,Niels Strange,Bo Dalsgaard +20 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors performed a global literature review to assess how much animal pollination enhances coffee fruit set, and examined the importance of the amount of forest cover, distance to nearby forest and forest canopy density for bee species richness and coffee fruit sets.
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Integration of ecosystem science into radioecology: A consensus perspective.
Olin E. Rhodes,François Bréchignac,Clare Bradshaw,Thomas G. Hinton,Carmel Mothersill,John A. Arnone,Doug P. Aubrey,Lawrence W. Barnthouse,James C. Beasley,Andrea Bonisoli-Alquati,Lindsay R. Boring,Albert L. Bryan,Krista A. Capps,Bernard Clément,Austin Coleman,Caitlin Condon,Fanny Coutelot,Timothy A. DeVol,Guha Dharmarajan,Dean E. Fletcher,Wes Flynn,Garth Gladfelder,Travis C. Glenn,Susan P. Hendricks,Ken Ishida,Tim Jannik,Larry Kapustka,Ulrik Kautsky,Robert A. Kennamer,Wendy W. Kuhne,Stacey L. Lance,Gennadiy Laptyev,Cara N. Love,Lisa Manglass,Nicole E. Martinez,Teresa J. Mathews,Arthur McKee,William J. McShea,Steve Mihok,Gary L. Mills,Ben Parrott,Brian A. Powell,Brian A. Powell,E. A. Pryakhin,Ann L. Rypstra,David E. Scott,John C. Seaman,Colin Seymour,Maryna Shkvyria,Amelia K. Ward,David S. White,Michael Wood,Jess K. Zimmerman +52 more
TL;DR: This paper is a synthesis of the discussions and consensus of the workshop participant's responses to three primary questions, which were that ecosystem science can and should support radiological risk assessment through the incorporation of quantitative metrics that reflect ecosystem functions which are sensitive to radiological contaminants.
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Negative effects of the neonicotinoid clothianidin on foraging behavior and antennal sensitivity in two common pollinator species, osmia bicornis and bombus terrestris
TL;DR: In this article, female bees of two common pollinator species in Europe, Osmia bicornis and Bombus terrestris, were treated with a field-realistic dose of the neonicotinoid clothianidin.
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Breakpoints in butterfly decline in Central Europe over the last century.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors analyzed the temporal trends of butterflies and Zygaenid moths across the federal state of Salzburg, northern Austria, from 1920 to 2019, and found significant reductions of the proportion of species requiring specific habitats since 1920 and until today.
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