Journal ArticleDOI
Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Lorcaserin for Weight Management
Steven R. Smith,Neil J. Weissman,Christen M. Anderson,Matilde Sanchez,Emil Chuang,Scott Stubbe,Harold Bays,William R. Shanahan +7 more
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In conjunction with behavioral modification, lorcaserin was associated with significant weight loss and improved maintenance of weight loss, as compared with placebo.Abstract:
BACKGROUND Lorcaserin is a selective serotonin 2C receptor agonist that could be useful in reducing body weight. METHODS In this double-blind clinical trial, we randomly assigned 3182 obese or overweight adults (mean body-mass index [the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters] of 36.2) to receive lorcaserin at a dose of 10 mg, or placebo, twice daily for 52 weeks. All patients also underwent diet and exercise counseling. At week 52, patients in the placebo group continued to receive placebo but patients in the lorcaserin group were randomly reassigned to receive either placebo or lorcaserin. Primary outcomes were weight loss at 1 year and maintenance of weight loss at 2 years. Serial echocardiography was used to identify patients in whom valvulopathy (as defined by the Food and Drug Administration) developed. RESULTS At 1 year, 55.4% of patients (883 of 1595) receiving lorcaserin and 45.1% of patients (716 of 1587) receiving placebo remained in the trial; 1553 patients continued into year 2. At 1 year, 47.5% of patients in the lorcaserin group and 20.3% in the placebo group had lost 5% or more of their body weight (P<0.001), corresponding to an average loss of 5.8±0.2 kg with lorcaserin and 2.2±0.1 kg with placebo during year 1 (P<0.001). Among the patients who received lorcaserin during year 1 and who had lost 5% or more of their baseline weight at 1 year, the loss was maintained in more patients who continued to receive lorcaserin during year 2 (67.9%) than in patients who received placebo during year 2 (50.3%, P<0.001). Among 2472 patients evaluated at 1 year and 1127 evaluated at 2 years, the rate of cardiac valvulopathy was not increased with the use of lorcaserin. Among the most frequent adverse events reported with lorcaserin were headache, dizziness, and nausea. The rates of serious adverse events in the two groups were similar. CONCLUSIONS In conjunction with behavioral modification, lorcaserin was associated with significant weight loss and improved maintenance of weight loss, as compared with placebo. (Funded by Arena Pharmaceuticals; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00395135.)read more
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2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight
Michael D. Jensen,H. Ryan,M. Apovian,Catherine M. Loria,Jamy D. Ard,Barbara E. Millen,Anthony G. Comuzzie,Cathy Nonas,Karen A. Donato,F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer,Frank B. Hu,S. Hubbard,Victor J. Stevens,John M. Jakicic,Thomas A. Wadden,Robert F. Kushner,Bruce M. Wolfe,Susan Z. Yanovski +17 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathophysiology of Human Visceral Obesity: An Update
TL;DR: In clinical practice, measuring waist circumference in addition to the body mass index could be helpful for the identification and management of a subgroup of overweight or obese patients at high cardiometabolic risk.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of 3.0 mg of Liraglutide in Weight Management
Xavier Pi-Sunyer,Arne Astrup,Ken Fujioka,Frank L. Greenway,Alfredo Halpern,Michel Krempf,David C.W. Lau,Carel W. le Roux,Rafael Violante Ortiz,Christine B. Jensen,John P.H. Wilding +10 more
TL;DR: 3.0 mg of liraglutide, as an adjunct to diet and exercise, was associated with reduced body weight and improved metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.
Journal ArticleDOI
European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults
Volkan Yumuk,Constantine Tsigos,Martin Fried,Karin Schindler,Luca Busetto,Dragan Micic,Hermann Toplak +6 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that physicians have a responsibility to recognise obesity as a disease and help obese patients with appropriate prevention and treatment and focus on realistic goals and lifelong multidisciplinary management.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms, Pathophysiology, and Management of Obesity
TL;DR: Treatments for obesity include behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery, and some sequelae of obesity are reversed with weight loss.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)
Scott M. Grundy,David W. Bilheimer,Alan Chait,Luther T. Clark,Margo A. Denke,Richard J. Havel,William R. Hazzard,Stephen B. Hulley,Donald B. Hunninghake,Robert A. Kreisberg,Penny M. Kris-Etherton,James M. McKenney,Michael A. Newman,Ernst J. Schaefer,Burton E. Sobel,Carolyn Somelofski,Milton C. Weinstein,H. Bryan Brewer,James I. Cleeman,Karen A. Donato,Nancy D. Ernst,Jeffrey M. Hoeg,Basil M. Rifkind,Jacques E. Rossouw,Christopher T. Sempos,Joanne M. Gallivan,Maureen N. Harris,Laurie Quint-Adler +27 more
TL;DR: Dairy therapy remains the first line of treatment of high blood cholesterol, and drug therapy is reserved for patients who are considered to be at high risk for CHD, and the fundamental approach to treatment is comparable.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin.
William C. Knowler,Elizabeth Barrett-Connor,Sarah E. Fowler,Richard F. Hamman,John M. Lachin,Elizabeth A. Walker,David M. Nathan +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared a lifestyle intervention with metformin to prevent or delay the development of Type 2 diabetes in nondiabetic individuals. And they found that the lifestyle intervention was significantly more effective than the medication.
Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National
William C. Taylor,Nigel Unwin +1 more
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Energy and Protein Requirements
TL;DR: This book gives the detailed procedures officially recommended by ISI for the various analysis of milk and milk products, as demonstrated by the ISI by thorough testing.