Journal ArticleDOI
Overweight, obesity and cancer: epidemiological evidence and proposed mechanisms
Eugenia E. Calle,Rudolf Kaaks +1 more
TLDR
Gaining a better understanding of the relationship between obesity and cancer can provide new insight into mechanisms of cancer pathogenesis.Abstract:
The prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing globally. Epidemiological studies have associated obesity with a range of cancer types, although the mechanisms by which obesity induces or promotes tumorigenesis vary by cancer site. These include insulin resistance and resultant chronic hyperinsulinaemia, increased bioavailability of steroid hormones and localized inflammation. Gaining a better understanding of the relationship between obesity and cancer can provide new insight into mechanisms of cancer pathogenesis.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding the Warburg Effect: The Metabolic Requirements of Cell Proliferation
TL;DR: It is proposed that the metabolism of cancer cells, and indeed all proliferating cells, is adapted to facilitate the uptake and incorporation of nutrients into the biomass needed to produce a new cell.
Journal ArticleDOI
Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies
Andrew G Renehan,Margaret Tyson,Matthias Egger,Matthias Egger,Richard F Heller,Marcel Zwahlen +5 more
TL;DR: Assessment of the strength of associations between BMI and different sites of cancer and differences in these associations between sex and ethnic groups should inform the exploration of biological mechanisms that link obesity with cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies
Gary Whitlock,Sarah Lewington,Paul Sherliker,Robert Clarke,Jonathan Emberson,Jim Halsey,Nawab Qizilbash,Rory Collins,Richard Peto +8 more
TL;DR: Below the range 22.5-25 kg/m(2), BMI was associated inversely with overall mortality, mainly because of strong inverse associations with respiratory disease and lung cancer, despite cigarette consumption per smoker varying little with BMI.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adipocytokines: mediators linking adipose tissue, inflammation and immunity.
TL;DR: Several adipocytokines have a central role in the regulation of insulin resistance, as well as many aspects of inflammation and immunity, and understanding this rapidly growing family of mainly adipocyte-derived mediators might be of importance in the development of new therapies for obesity-associated diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of tumour micro-environment heterogeneity on therapeutic response
TL;DR: The dynamic tumour topography varies drastically even throughout the same lesion, so evaluating tumours as complete organs, and not simply as masses of transformed epithelial cells, becomes paramount.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: Principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial
Jacques E. Rossouw,Garnet L. Anderson,Ross L. Prentice,Andrea Z. LaCroix,Charles Kooperberg,Marcia L. Stefanick,Rebecca D. Jackson,Shirley A.A. Beresford,Barbara V. Howard,Karen C. Johnson,Jane Morley Kotchen,Judith K. Ockene +11 more
TL;DR: Overall health risks exceeded benefits from use of combined estrogen plus progestin for an average 5.2-year follow-up among healthy postmenopausal US women, and the results indicate that this regimen should not be initiated or continued for primary prevention of CHD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease
TL;DR: The possibility is raised that resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and hyperinsulinemia are involved in the etiology and clinical course of three major related diseases— NIDDM, hypertension, and CAD.
Journal Article
Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults : the evidence report
Journal ArticleDOI
Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults.
TL;DR: Current patterns of overweight and obesity in the United States could account for 14 percent of all deaths from cancer in men and 20 percent of those in women, and increased body weight was associated with increased death rates for all cancers combined and for cancers at multiple specific sites.