Book ChapterDOI
Patterns and regulation of mycorrhizal plant and fungal diversity
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TLDR
It is suggested that the physiology and genetics of the fungi themselves, along with their responses to the plant and the environment, regulates their diversity, and that even within a single “functional group” of microorganisms, mycorrhizal fungi, considerable diversity exists.Abstract:
The diversity of mycorrhizal fungi does not follow patterns of plant diversity, and the type of mycorrhiza may regulate plant species diversity. For instance, coniferous forests of northern latitudes may have more than 1000 species of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi where only a few ectomycorrhizal plant species dominate, but there are fewer than 25 species of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in tropical deciduous forest in Mexico with 1000 plant species. AM and EM fungi are distributed according to biome, with AM fungi predominant in arid and semiarid biomes, and EM fungi predominant in mesic biomes. In addition, AM fungi tend to be more abundant in soils of low organic matter, perhaps explaining their predominance in moist tropical forest, and EM fungi generally occur in soils with higher surface organic matter.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Coevolution of roots and mycorrhizas of land plants
TL;DR: It is hypothesised that roots gradually evolved from rhizomes to provide more suitable habitats for mycorrhizal fungi and provide plants with complex branching and leaves with water and nutrients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variation in plant response to native and exotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
TL;DR: This study suggests that, within ecosystems, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can function along a continuum from parasitism to mutualism, and that extreme responses are more common when using locally adapted plants and fungi.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interactions between Aboveground and Belowground Biodiversity in Terrestrial Ecosystems: Patterns, Mechanisms, and Feedbacks
David U. Hooper,David E. Bignell,Valerie K. Brown,Lijbert Brussard,J. Mark Dangerfield,Diana H. Wall,David A. Wardle,David C. Coleman,Ken E. Giller,Patrick Lavelle,Wim H. van der Putten,Peter C. de Ruiter,Josef Rusek,Whendee L. Silver,James M. Tiedje,Volkmar Wolters +15 more
TL;DR: For example, the authors of the paper as discussed by the authors presented the results of a study at the Netherlands Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ZG Heteren) and the University of Utrecht (UTHeteren).
Journal ArticleDOI
Management of Indigenous Plant-Microbe Symbioses Aids Restoration of Desertified Ecosystems
Natalia Requena,Natalia Requena,Estefania Perez-Solis,Concepción Azcón-Aguilar,Peter Jeffries,J. M. Barea +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated, in two long-term experiments in a desertified Mediterranean ecosystem, that inoculation with indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and with rhizobial nitrogen-fixing bacteria not only enhanced the establishment of key plant species but also increased soil fertility and quality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diversity and classification of mycorrhizal associations
TL;DR: A new definition of mycorrhizas that encompasses all types of these associations while excluding other plant‐fungus interactions is provided and recognises the importance of nutrient transfer at an interface resulting from synchronised plant‐Fungus development.
References
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Book
Aims and Methods of Vegetation Ecology
TL;DR: Aims and methods of vegetation ecology are studied to propose new strategies for the sustainable management of vegetation in the arid areas.
Journal ArticleDOI
Food Web Complexity and Species Diversity
TL;DR: It is suggested that local animal species diversity is related to the number of predators in the system and their efficiency in preventing single species from monopolizing some important, limiting, requisite in the marine rocky intertidal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Latitudinal gradients in species diversity: a review of concepts
TL;DR: The six major hypotheses of the control of species diversity are restated, examined, and some possible tests suggested.
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