Journal ArticleDOI
PD-1-inhibitor-induced PCA-2 (MAP1B) Autoimmunity in a Patient with Renal Cell Carcinoma.
TLDR
In this paper, the authors report a case of PCA-2 paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) use, which presents in a patient with a malignancy not typically associated with neurological paraneplastic phenomena.Abstract:
Immune check point inhibitors (ICIs) are a group of anti-cancer pharmacological agents which modify T cell activity in order to potentiate an effective immune response against tumor cells. While these drugs prove extremely potent against several types of malignancies, they may be associated with significant autoimmune adverse events. We report a patient who developed a subacute cerebellar syndrome shortly after starting treatment with nivolumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, for renal clear cell carcinoma, with detectable paraneoplastic PCA-2 antibodies. The tumor specimen stained positively for MAP1B, the antigen of PCA-2. The patient responded well to treatment with glucocorticosteroids. This is the first case to our knowledge of PCA-2 paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with ICI use, which presents in a patient with a malignancy not typically associated with neurological paraneoplastic phenomena. Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is extremely effective in potentiating an immune response against tumor cells, but bears a substantial risk for the development of autoimmune phenomena, including paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. Increasing use of ICIs is leading to increasing numbers of patients with new-onset neurological symptoms. Awareness of these novel entities will aid in early diagnosis and proper treatment.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Novelties in Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxias: Twenty Years of Progresses
Sergio Muñiz-Castrillo,Alberto Vogrig,Nicolás Lundahl Ciano-Petersen,Macarena Villagrán-García,Bastien Joubert,Jérôme Honnorat +5 more
TL;DR: Progress has additionally been made in the clinical characterization of patients with the main neural antibodies, which, although typically present with a subacute pancerebellar syndrome, may also show either hyperacute or chronic onsets that complicate the differential diagnoses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Paraneoplastic and Other Autoimmune Encephalitides: Antineuronal Antibodies, T Lymphocytes, and Questions of Pathogenesis
John E. Greenlee,Noel G. Carlson,Justin R. Abbatemarco,Ida Herdlevær,Stacey L. Clardy,Christian A. Vedeler +5 more
TL;DR: Current knowledge of two groups of antibodies in terms of their discovery, how they arise, the interaction of both types of antibodies with their molecular targets, and the attempts to reproduce human neuronal injury in tissue culture models and experimental animals are discussed are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cerebellar involvement associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review
TL;DR: In this paper , the aim of the study was to phenotype cerebellar immune-related adverse events (iRAEs), which is rare and currently lacks a proper characterization of cerebellal involvement in neurological iRAEs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Context of Cancer Treatment
TL;DR: An overview of checkpoint proteins and their role as biomarkers, immune-related adverse outcomes and clinical studies in the treatment of various cancers, as well as present some future perspectives are provided in this paper.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Paraneoplastic Syndromes Involving the Nervous System
TL;DR: Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes are incited by a tumor outside the nervous system that produces a characteristic antigen of the nervous System that damages nerve tissue and inhibits growth of the tumor.
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Neurological adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: Review of the literature.
Stefania Cuzzubbo,F. Javeri,M. Tissier,A Roumi,Ciprian Barlog,Jennifer Doridam,Céleste Lebbé,Catherine Belin,Renata Ursu,Antoine F. Carpentier +9 more
TL;DR: In most cases, drug interruption and steroids led to neurological recovery, even in conditions where steroids are not usually recommended such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, and the median time of nAEs onset was 6 weeks.
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Paraneoplastic antibodies coexist and predict cancer, not neurological syndrome.
TL;DR: The autoantibody profiles observed in patients with paraneoplastic disorders imply the targeting of multiple onconeural antigens and predict the patient's neoplasm, but not a specific neurological syndrome.
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New Purkinje cell antibody (PCA-2): marker of lung cancer-related neurological autoimmunity.
Steven Vernino,Vanda A. Lennon +1 more
TL;DR: A new paraneoplastic IgG, PCA‐2 (Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody type 2), is identified, in 10 patients with mixed subacute neurological presentations, and is the seventh IgG neuronal autoantibody marker of paranoplastic autoimmunity identifiable unambiguously by standardized immunofluorescence criteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes in the era of immune-checkpoint inhibitors
TL;DR: An overview of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, the associations of these conditions with ICI therapy and recommendations for the prevention and management of ICI-associated PNSs are provided.