Pioglitazone Decreases Coronary Artery Inflammation in Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes Mellitus: Evaluation by FDG-PET/CT Imaging
Yoshikazu Nitta,Nobuhiro Tahara,Atsuko Tahara,Akihiro Honda,Norihiro Kodama,Minori Mizoguchi,Hayato Kaida,Masatoshi Ishibashi,Naofumi Hayabuchi,Hisao Ikeda,Sho-ichi Yamagishi,Tsutomu Imaizumi +11 more
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This study indicated that pioglitazone attenuated left main trunk inflammation in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or DM in a glucose-lowering independent manner, suggesting thatPiog litazone may protect against cardiac events in patientsWith impaired glucoseolerance or DM by suppressing coronary inflammation.Abstract:
Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the effect of pioglitazone with glimepiride on coronary arterial inflammation with serial 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)–positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) angiography. Background Recent studies have shown that FDG-PET combined with CT is a reliable tool to visualize and quantify vascular inflammation. Although pioglitazone significantly prevented the progression of coronary atherosclerosis and reduced the recurrence of myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), it remains unclear whether pioglitazone could attenuate coronary artery inflammation. Methods Fifty atherosclerotic patients with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 DM underwent determination of blood chemistries, anthropometric and inflammatory variables, and FDG-PET/CT angiography, and then were randomized to receive either pioglitazone or glimepiride for 16 weeks. Effects of the treatments on vascular inflammation of the left main trunk were evaluated by FDG-PET/CT angiography at baseline and end of the study. Vascular inflammation of the left main trunk was measured by blood-normalized standardized uptake value, known as a target-to-background ratio. Results Three patients dropped out of the study during the assessment or treatment. Finally, 25 pioglitazone-treated patients and 22 glimepiride-treated patients (37 men; mean age: 68.1 ± 8.3 years; glycosylated hemoglobin: 6.72 ± 0.70%) completed the study. After 16-week treatments, fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin values were comparably reduced in both groups. Changes in target-to-background ratio values from baseline were significantly greater in the pioglitazone group than in the glimepiride group (–0.12 ± 0.06 vs. 0.09 ± 0.07, p = 0.032), as well as changes in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (pioglitazone vs. glimepiride group: median: –0.24 [interquartile range (IQR): –1.58 to –0.04] mg/l vs. 0.08 [IQR: –0.07 to 0.79] mg/l, p = 0.031). Conclusions Our study indicated that pioglitazone attenuated left main trunk inflammation in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or DM in a glucose-lowering independent manner, suggesting that pioglitazone may protect against cardiac events in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or DM by suppressing coronary inflammation. (Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Pioglitazone; NCT00722631)read more
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Anti-inflammatory Agents in the Treatment of Diabetes and Its Vascular Complications
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Cardiac Outcomes After Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: Effects of Pioglitazone in Patients With Insulin Resistance Without Diabetes Mellitus.
Lawrence H. Young,Catherine M. Viscoli,Jeptha P. Curtis,Silvio E. Inzucchi,Gregory G. Schwartz,Anne M. Lovejoy,Karen L. Furie,Mark Gorman,Robin Conwit,J. Dawn Abbott,Daniel Jacoby,Daniel M. Kolansky,Steven Pfau,Frederick S. Ling,Walter N. Kernan +14 more
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