Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid genomic evolution of a non-virulent coxsackievirus B3 in selenium-deficient mice results in selection of identical virulent isolates.
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TLDR
To the best of the knowledge, this is the first report of a specific nutritional deficiency driving changes in a viral genome, permitting an avirulent virus to acquire virulence due to genetic mutation.Abstract:
Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that selenium deficiency in the mouse allows a normally benign (amyocarditic) cloned and sequenced Coxackievirus to cause significant heart damage. Furthermore, Coxsackievirus recovered from the hearts of selenium-deficient mice inoculated into selenium-adequate mice still induced significant heart damage, suggesting that the amyocarditic Coxsackievirus had mutated to a virulent phenotype. Here we report that sequence analysis revealed six nucleotide changes between the virulent virus recovered from the selenium-deficient host and the avirulent input virus. These nucleotide changes are consistent with known differences in base composition between virulent and avirulent strains of Coxsackievirus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a specific nutritional deficiency driving changes in a viral genome, permitting an avirulent virus to acquire virulence due to genetic mutation.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Enhancing selenium concentration in lentil (Lens culinaris subsp. culinaris) through foliar application
M. M. Rahman,William Erskine,M. A. Materne,L. M. Mcmurray,Pushparajah Thavarajah,Dil Thavarajah,Kadambot H. M. Siddique +6 more
TL;DR: Foliar application of Se as K2SeO4 is an efficient agronomic approach to improve seed Se concentration for lentil consumers and there is also scope for genetic biofortification in lentil.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mouse models of autoimmune diseases - autoimmune myocarditis.
TL;DR: Various mouse models are frequently used to study myocarditis to better understand the role of autoantibodies and their influence on disease progression and these findings are used to develop more specific therapies that can be translated into the clinic as a "bench-to-bedside" approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
Copper Deficiency Increases the Virulence of Amyocarditic and Myocarditic Strains of Coxsackievirus B3 in Mice
TL;DR: Copper deficiency is associated with an increased inflammatory response but decreased acquired immune response to CVB3 infection that results in increased cardiac pathology, presumably due to increased viral load.
Journal ArticleDOI
Course and Survival of COVID-19 Patients with Comorbidities in Relation to the Trace Element Status at Hospital Admission.
Gijs Du Laing,Mirko Petrovic,Carl Lachat,Marthe De Boevre,Georg J. Klingenberg,Qian Sun,Sarah De Saeger,Jozefien De Clercq,Louis Ide,Linos Vandekerckhove,Lutz Schomburg +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, a cross-sectional observational study was conducted at two hospitals in Ghent, Belgium, to investigate whether Se and/or Zn deficiency upon hospital admission correlates to disease severity and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients with or without co-morbidities.
Journal ArticleDOI
RNA virus evolution, population dynamics, and nutritional status
TL;DR: The genetic plasticity of RNA viruses is one of the main obstacles for the control of the diseases they cause and probably a major force in the emergence of new viral pathogens.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging
TL;DR: It is argued that this damage to DNA, protein, and lipid is a major contributor to aging and to degenerative diseases of aging such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, immune-system decline, brain dysfunction, and cataracts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid evolution of RNA genomes
John J. Holland,Katherine R. Spindler,Katherine R. Spindler,Frank M. Horodyski,Elizabeth A. Grabau,Stuart T. Nichol,Scott VandePol +6 more
TL;DR: RNA viruses show high mutation frequencies partly because of a lack of the proofreading enzymes that assure fidelity of DNA replication, and high rates of replication reflected in rates of RNA genome evolution which can be more than a millionfold greater than the rates of the DNA chromosome evolution of their hosts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spontaneous point mutations that occur more often when advantageous than when neutral.
TL;DR: It is shown that point mutations in the trp operon reverted to trp+ more frequently under conditions of prolonged tryptophan deprivation when the reversions were advantageous, than in the presence of tryPTophan when the reversal were neutral, and a heuristic model for the molecular basis of such mutations is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Complete nucleotide sequence of infectious Coxsackievirus B3 cDNA: two initial 5' uridine residues are regained during plus-strand RNA synthesis.
TL;DR: It is reported that cDNA-generated CVB3, as well asCVB3 generated by in vitro-synthesized RNA transcripts, regains the authentic initial 5' uridine residues during replication in transfected cells, indicating that the picornaviral primer molecule VPg-pUpU may be uridylylated in a template-independent fashion.