Journal ArticleDOI
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Brain Mechanisms from Animal and Experimental Models
TLDR
In vitro experimental studies, in vivo studies with intact rodents, and preclinical models of selected neurological disorders are summarized to contribute to the understanding of how rTMS-induced plasticity can be modulated, including novel mechanisms such as neuroprotection and neurogenesis that have significant therapeutic potential.Abstract:
Since the development of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the early 1980s, a range of repetitive TMS (rTMS) protocols are now available to modulate neuronal plasticity in clinical and non-clinical populations. However, despite the wide application of rTMS in humans, the mechanisms underlying rTMS-induced plasticity remain uncertain. Animal and in vitro models provide an adjunct method of investigating potential synaptic and non-synaptic mechanisms of rTMS-induced plasticity. This review summarizes in vitro experimental studies, in vivo studies with intact rodents, and preclinical models of selected neurological disorders-Parkinson's disease, depression, and stroke. We suggest that these basic research findings can contribute to the understanding of how rTMS-induced plasticity can be modulated, including novel mechanisms such as neuroprotection and neurogenesis that have significant therapeutic potential.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Rehabilitating the addicted brain with transcranial magnetic stimulation.
TL;DR: TMS mechanisms and evidence that rTMS is opening new avenues in addiction treatments are reviewed, showing the potential to affect behaviours relating to drug craving, intake and relapse.
Journal ArticleDOI
How Does Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Influence Glial Cells in the Central Nervous System
TL;DR: The influence that TMS has on glial cells is certainly an area that warrants careful examination, and there is limited information regarding the response of astrocytes and microglia to TMS, and a complete paucity of data relating to theresponse of oligodendrocyte-lineage cells to this treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Construction and Evaluation of Rodent-Specific rTMS Coils
Alexander D. Tang,Andrea S. Lowe,Andrew Garrett,Robert C. Woodward,William Bennett,Alison J. Canty,Michael I. Garry,Mark R. Hinder,Jeffery J. Summers,Roman Gersner,Alexander Rotenberg,Gary Thickbroom,Joseph P. Walton,Jennifer Rodger +13 more
TL;DR: These novel coils generate modest magnetic and electric fields, capable of altering cortical excitability and provide an alternative method to investigate the mechanisms underlying rTMS-induced plasticity in an experimental setting.
Journal ArticleDOI
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces remote apoptotic cell death and inflammation after focal brain injury.
Valeria Sasso,Elisa Bisicchia,Laura Latini,Veronica Ghiglieri,Fabrizio Cacace,Valeria Carola,Marco Molinari,Maria Teresa Viscomi +7 more
TL;DR: rTMS significantly reduced neuronal death and glial activation in remote regions and improved functional recovery in a model of focal brain damage, opening up a completely new scenario for exploiting the potential of rTMS as an anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Induction and Quantification of Excitability Changes in Human Cortical Networks.
Corey J. Keller,Yuhao Huang,Jose L. Herrero,Maria Fini,Victor Du,Fred A. Lado,Fred A. Lado,Christopher J. Honey,Ashesh D. Mehta +8 more
TL;DR: B baseline connectivity profile can be used to predict regions susceptible to brain changes and provides a basis for personalizing brain stimulation, and adding prestimulation connectivity features significantly improved model performance.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the anaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path.
Timothy V. P. Bliss,T. Lømo +1 more
TL;DR: The after‐effects of repetitive stimulation of the perforant path fibres to the dentate area of the hippocampal formation have been examined with extracellular micro‐electrodes in rabbits anaesthetized with urethane.
Journal ArticleDOI
Theta Burst Stimulation of the Human Motor Cortex
Ying-Zu Huang,Ying-Zu Huang,Mark J. Edwards,Elisabeth Rounis,Kailash P. Bhatia,John C. Rothwell +5 more
TL;DR: A very rapid method of conditioning the human motor cortex using rTMS that produces a controllable, consistent, long-lasting, and powerful effect on motor cortex physiology and behavior after an application period of only 20-190 s is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
A neurotrophic model for stress-related mood disorders.
TL;DR: Analysis of preclinical cellular and behavioral models of depression and antidepressant actions, as well as clinical neuroimaging and postmortem studies, are consistent with the hypothesis that decreased expression of BDNF and possibly other growth factors contributes to depression and that upregulation ofBDNF plays a role in the actions of antidepressant treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuronal replacement from endogenous precursors in the adult brain after stroke
TL;DR: It is shown that stroke, caused by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in adult rats, leads to a marked increase of cell proliferation in the subventricular zone, and stroke induces differentiation of new neurons into the phenotype of most of the neurons destroyed by the ischemic lesion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adult neurogenesis in the mammalian brain: significant answers and significant questions.
Guo Li Ming,Hongjun Song +1 more
TL;DR: Major advances in understanding of adult mammalian neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and from the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle, the rostral migratory stream to the olfactory bulb are reviewed.
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