Similar metabolic adaptations during exercise after low volume sprint interval and traditional endurance training in humans
Kirsten A. Burgomaster,Krista R. Howarth,Stuart M. Phillips,Mark Rakobowchuk,Maureen J. MacDonald,Sean L. McGee,Martin J. Gibala +6 more
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Given the markedly lower training volume in the SIT group, these data suggest that high‐intensity interval training is a time‐efficient strategy to increase skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and induce specific metabolic adaptations during exercise that are comparable to traditional ET.Abstract:
Low-volume ‘sprint’ interval training (SIT) stimulates rapid improvements in muscle oxidative capacity that are comparable to levels reached following traditional endurance training (ET) but no study has examined metabolic adaptations during exercise after these different training strategies. We hypothesized that SIT and ET would induce similar adaptations in markers of skeletal muscle carbohydrate (CHO) and lipid metabolism and metabolic control during exercise despite large differences in training volume and time commitment. Active but untrained subjects (23 ± 1 years) performed a constant-load cycling challenge (1 h at 65% of peak oxygen uptake ( ˙ VO2peak) before and after 6 weeks of either SIT or ET (n = 5 men and 5 women per group). SIT consisted of four to six repeats of a 30 s ‘all out’ Wingate Test (mean power output ∼500 W) with 4.5 min recovery between repeats, 3 days per week. ET consisted of 40‐60 min of continuous cycling at a workload that elicited ∼65% ˙ VO2peak (mean power output ∼150 W) per day, 5 days per week. Weekly time commitment (∼1.5 versus ∼4.5 h) and total training volume (∼225 versus ∼2250 kJ week −1 ) were substantially lower in SIT versus ET. Despite these differences, both protocols induced similar increases (P < 0.05) in mitochondrial markers for skeletal muscle CHO (pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α protein content) and lipid oxidation (3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase maximal activity) and protein content of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α. Glycogen and phosphocreatine utilization during exercise were reduced after training, and calculated rates of whole-body CHO and lipid oxidation were decreased and increased, respectively, with no differences between groups (all main effects, P < 0.05). Given the markedly lower training volume in the SIT group, these data suggest that high-intensity interval training is a time-efficient strategy to increase skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and induce specific metabolic adaptations during exercise that are comparable to traditional ET.read more
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Effects of Interval Training-Based Glycolytic Capacity on Physical Fitness in Recreational Long-Distance Runners
Marek Zatoń,Kamil Michalik +1 more
TL;DR: Investigating the influence of 8-week-long interval training on selected markers of physical fitness in amateur long- distance runners indicates that the modalities targeting glycolytic capacity may be more efficient for amateur runners prepare for long-distance events.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physiological and performance responses of sprint interval training and endurance training in Gaelic football players.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of running-based short-duration sprint interval training (SIT) and traditional endurance training (ET) on aerobic capacity and indices of speed and power of trained team sport athletes were compared.
Dissertation
Physiological and biomechanical responses during high intensity upper body exercise
TL;DR: Three studies have demonstrated the importance of changes in EMG activity, trunk rotational velocity, and technique to arm crank PO rather than specific physiological changes alone which has implications for the use of arm cranking in testing, training and performance outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sex Comparison of Knee Extensor Size, Strength, and Fatigue Adaptation to Sprint Interval Training.
TL;DR: 12 weeks SIT, totalling 4 minutes very intense cycling per week, significantly increased fatigue resistance and CSAQ similarly in males and females, but did not significantly increase torque in males or females, suggesting that SIT is a time-effective training modality for Males and females to increase leg muscle size and fatigue resistance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Four Weeks of Sprint Interval Training Improves 5-km Run Performance.
TL;DR: Short-term SIT significantly improves 5-km run performance in untrained young men and is believed to be a time-efficient means of improving cardiorespiratory fitness and5-km endurance performance.
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Martin J. Gibala,Jonathan P. Little,Martin Van Essen,Geoffrey Wilkin,Kirsten A. Burgomaster,Adeel Safdar,Sandeep Raha,Mark A. Tarnopolsky +7 more
TL;DR: Data demonstrate that SIT is a time‐efficient strategy to induce rapid adaptations in skeletal muscle and exercise performance that are comparable to ET in young active men.
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