Open AccessPosted Content
Smog in Our Brains: Gender Differences in the Impact of Exposure to Air Pollution on Cognitive Performance
Xi Chen,Xiaobo Zhang,Xin Zhang +2 more
TLDR
Examining variations in transitory and cumulative air pollution exposures for the same individuals over time in China finds that long-term exposure to air pollution impedes cognitive performance in verbal and math tests.Abstract:
While there is a large body of literature on the negative health effects of air pollution, there is much less written about its effects on cognitive performance for the whole population. This paper studies the effects of contemporaneous and cumulative exposure to air pollution on cognitive performance based on a nationally representative survey in China. By merging a longitudinal sample at the individual level with local air-quality data according to the exact dates and counties of interviews, we find that contemporaneous and cumulative exposure to air pollution impedes both verbal and math scores of survey subjects. Interestingly, the negative effect is stronger for men than for women. Specifically, the gender difference is more salient among the old and less educated in both verbal and math tests.read more
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The short-term impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on urban air pollution in China
TL;DR: Li et al. as discussed by the authors evaluated the impacts of these measures in terms of the Air Quality Index (AQI) and the concentrations of particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5
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Ambient black carbon particles reach the fetal side of human placenta
Hannelore Bové,Hannelore Bové,Eva Bongaerts,Eli Slenders,Esmée M. Bijnens,Nelly D. Saenen,Wilfried Gyselaers,Peter Van Eyken,Michelle Plusquin,Maarten B. J. Roeffaers,Marcel Ameloot,Tim S. Nawrot,Tim S. Nawrot +12 more
TL;DR: Evidence of black carbon particle deposition on the fetal side of human placentae, including at early stages of pregnancy, is reported, suggesting air pollution could affect birth outcome through direct effects on the fetus.
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Air pollution lowers Chinese urbanites’ expressed happiness on social media
TL;DR: A daily, city-level happiness metric constructed from the sentiment expressed in 210 million tweets on Sina Weibo from 144 cities shows that high levels of air pollution significantly reduce Chinese urbanites’ expressed happiness on social media.
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Air Pollution (Particulate Matter) Exposure and Associations with Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar, Psychosis and Suicide Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Isobel Braithwaite,Shuo Zhang,James B. Kirkbride,David Osborn,David Osborn,Joseph Hayes,Joseph Hayes +6 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis of an association between long-term PM2.5 exposure and depression is supported and the limited literature and methodological challenges in this field, including heterogeneous outcome definitions, exposure assessment, and residual confounding, suggest further high-quality studies are warranted to investigate potentially causal associations between air pollution and poor mental health.
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Stronger policy required to substantially reduce deaths from PM2.5 pollution in China.
TL;DR: The authors show that from 2013 to 2017, the plan has achieved substantial public health benefits and more ambitious policies are required to reduce the health impacts of air pollution by 2030 and meet the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal 3.
References
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2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
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Human Health Effects of Air Pollution
TL;DR: A multidisciplinary approach using epidemiology, animal toxicology, and controlled human exposure studies has contributed to the database, and studies of humans but will also draw on findings from the other disciplines.
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Air pollution: mechanisms of neuroinflammation and CNS disease
TL;DR: Recent findings detailing the mechanisms through which air pollution reaches the brain and activates the resident innate immune response to become a chronic source of pro-inflammatory factors and ROS, culminating in CNS disease are summarized.
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The Global Burden of Disease Due to Outdoor Air Pollution
Aaron Cohen,H. Ross Anderson,Bart Ostro,Kiran Pandey,Michal Krzyzanowski,Nino Künzli,Kersten Gutschmidt,Arden Pope,Isabelle Romieu,Jonathan M. Samet,Kirk R. Smith +10 more
TL;DR: Air pollution is associated with a broad spectrum of acute and chronic health effects, the nature of which may vary with the pollutant constituents, and particulate air pollution is consistently and independently related to the most serious effects, including lung cancer and other cardiopulmonary mortality.
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The Impact of Pollution on Worker Productivity
TL;DR: This paper finds robust evidence that ozone levels well below federal air quality standards have a significant impact on productivity: a 10 ppb decrease in ozone concentrations increases worker productivity by 4.2 percent.