Journal ArticleDOI
Specific impairments of planning
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TLDR
An information-processing model is outlined that predicts that performance on non-routine tasks can be impaired independently of performance on routine tasks, related to views on frontal lobe functions, particularly those of Luria.Abstract:
An information-processing model is outlined that predicts that performance on non-routine tasks can be impaired independently of performance on routine tasks. The model is related to views on frontal lobe functions, particularly those of Luria. Two methods of obtaining more rigorous tests of the model are discussed. One makes use of ideas from artificial intelligence to derive a task heavily loaded on planning abilities. A group of patients with left anterior lesions has a specific deficit on the task. Subsidiary investigations support the inference that this is a planning impairment.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The human medial temporal lobe processes online representations of complex objects.
TL;DR: A series of trial-unique object "oddity" tasks were administered to amnesic patients with either selective bilateral damage to the hippocampus or more extensive damage to MTL regions, including the perirhinal cortex, to address the issue of perceptual discrimination of complex objects with a large number of overlapping features.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bizarre Responses, Rule Detection and Frontal Lobe Lesions
Paul W. Burgess,Tim Shallice +1 more
TL;DR: Patients with lesions involving the frontal lobes were poorer at achieving set than patients with lesions elsewhere and the anteriorly-lesioned group showed a greater tendency to guess and were more likely to abandon a correct rule once it had been attained, but there were no differences between the groups in incidence of perseverative responses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relation between MR abnormalities and patterns of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
Marco Rovaris,Massimo Filippi,Monica Falautano,L. Minicucci,Maria A. Rocca,Vittorio Martinelli,G. Comi +6 more
TL;DR: Overall macroscopic and microscopic brain damage is more important than the corresponding regional brain disease in determining deficits of selective cognitive domains in patients with MS.
Book
Emotion and decision making explained
TL;DR: In this article, the authors seek explanations of emotion and decision-making by considering the relation between emotion, and reward value, and subjective feelings of pleasure, and how the brain implements decision making, and are gene-defined rewards and emotions in the interests of the genes, and does rational multistep planning enable us to go beyond selfish genes to long-term plans and social contracts in the interest of the individual.
Journal ArticleDOI
Are Executive Function Tests Dependent on Working Memory Capacity
TL;DR: The relationship between working memory capacity and three executive function tests, which were adopted from clinical neuropsychology, was studied in this article, where the subjects were normal 15-16-year-old students.
References
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Book
Human Problem Solving
TL;DR: The aim of the book is to advance the understanding of how humans think by putting forth a theory of human problem solving, along with a body of empirical evidence that permits assessment of the theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending and a general theory.
TL;DR: Tested the 2-process theory of detection, search, and attention presented by the current authors (1977) in a series of experiments and demonstrated the qualitative difference between 2 modes of information processing: automatic detection and controlled search.
Book
Higher cortical functions in man
TL;DR: Among the authors' patients was a bookkeeper with a severe form of sensory aphasia who could still draw up the annual balance sheet in spite of severe disturbances of speech and although he was unable to remember the names of his subordinates and used to refer to them incorrectly.
Book ChapterDOI
Attention to action: willed and automatic control of behavior
Donald A. Norman,Tim Shallice +1 more
TL;DR: This chapter proposes a theoretical framework structured around the notion of a set of active schemas, organized according to the particular action sequences of which they are a part, awaiting the appropriate set of conditions so that they can become selected to control action.