Showing papers in "Neuropsychologia in 2007"

TL;DR: A striking neural overlap in regions comprising the autobiographical memory retrieval network is consistent with findings that amnesic patients exhibit deficits in both past and future thinking, and confirms that the episodic system contributes importantly to imagining the future.

TL;DR: Evidence supports a two-process model of mnemonic control, supported by a double dissociation among rostral regions of left VLPFC, that operates post-retrieval to resolve competition among active representations.

TL;DR: Hemodynamic and electrical neuroimaging results indicating that activity in the face-selective fusiform cortex may be enhanced by emotional (fearful) expressions, without explicit voluntary control, and presumably through direct feedback connections from the amygdala are reviewed.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the "theory of mind" areas, that have been implicated in social and cognitive functions other than face perception, play an essential role in the spontaneous activation of person knowledge associated with the recognition of familiar individuals.

TL;DR: The bilinguals showed symptoms of dementia 4 years later than monolinguals, and the rate of decline in Mini-Mental State Examination scores over the 4 years subsequent to the diagnosis was the same for a subset of patients in the two groups, suggesting a shift in onset age with no change in rate of progression.

TL;DR: Emotional faces were found to trigger an increased ERP positivity relative to neutral faces, and similar emotional expression effects were found for six basic emotions, suggesting that these effects are not primarily generated within neural structures specialised for the automatic detection of specific emotions.

TL;DR: While affective ToM was mostly impaired by VM damage, cognitive ToM wasn't as impaired by extensive prefrontal damage, suggesting that cognitive and affective mentalizing abilities are partly dissociable.

TL;DR: Whether aspects of face perception are "automatic", in that they are especially rapid, non-conscious, mandatory and capacity-free, and whether limited-capacity selective attention mechanisms are preferentially recruited by faces and facial expressions is examined.

TL;DR: Characteristics of the temporal window over which simultaneity and fusion responses were maximal were quite similar, suggesting the existence of a 200 ms duration asymmetric bimodal temporal integration window.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used fMRI to investigate "social brain" activity during perception of fearful faces and found that people with highfunctioning autism or Asperger Syndrome (HFA/AS) showed differential activation of social brain areas during a face-processing task.

TL;DR: These data provide the first evidence for a direct overlap in the neural bases of color perception and stored information about object-associated color, and they significantly add to accumulating evidence that conceptual knowledge is grounded in the brain's modality-specific systems.

TL;DR: It is suggested that adolescents engage prefrontal regulatory structures to a lesser extent than adults when making risky economic choices when made risky selections.

TL;DR: There is a disparity between the importance of this topic and awareness of how mood affects, executive functions in the brain, yet the evidence indicates that even mild fluctuations in mood can have a significant influence on neural activation and cognition.

TL;DR: Right amygdala showed a predicted non-linear response profile with greater responses to highly attractive and unattractive faces compared to middle-ranked faces, independent of task, and was consistent with a role in sensing the value of social stimuli.

TL;DR: The ability to understand and imitate the goals of hand actions is intact in children with ASD, suggesting this data can best be understood in terms of multiple brain systems for different types of imitation and action understanding.

TL;DR: A series of trial-unique object "oddity" tasks were administered to amnesic patients with either selective bilateral damage to the hippocampus or more extensive damage to MTL regions, including the perirhinal cortex, to address the issue of perceptual discrimination of complex objects with a large number of overlapping features.

TL;DR: Stroke patients reported an unpleasant experience to frightening stimuli similar to healthy controls, yet showed significantly lower activity in the right ventral lateral and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, amygdala, thalamus, and retrosplenial cingulate gyrus, which suggests that alternate neural circuitry became responsible for maintaining the evolutionarily critical fear response after cerebellar damage.

TL;DR: The progressive slowing in mean RT over the course of the task may relate to a deficit in arousal in the impaired-ADHD group, and consistently poor performance in fast-frequency variability and error rates may be due to difficulties in sustained attention that fluctuate on a trial-to-trial basis.

TL;DR: FMRI data suggest that in women the interaction of verbal working memory and negative emotion is associated with relative hyperactivation in more emotion-associated areas whereas in men regions commonly regarded as important for cognition and cognitive control are activated.

TL;DR: A fine-grained analysis of facial expression processing in autism demonstrated that individuals with autism are able to discriminate between different emotional images and suggests that low-level perceptual difficulties do not underlie the difficulties with emotion recognition.

TL;DR: A comparison of the responses within right STS revealed that expression and averted-gaze activated distinct, though overlapping, regions of cortex, and it is proposed that gaze-direction and expression are represented by dissociable overlapping neural systems.

TL;DR: A model in which recollection and familiarity can be dissociated in two ways is proposed: recruitment of additional brain regions in frontal, medial temporal, and content-specific cortices during recollection, and in variations in coherence of brain networks activated during recollective- or familiarity-based processing.

TL;DR: The data imply involvement of fronto-parietal attentional networks and sub-cortical arousal systems in the pathology of ADHD and prefrontal cortex dysfunction in children with HFA.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate the progressive recruitment of the ToM network along the theoretical dimensions introduced in the present paper, including a novel theoretical distinction among varieties of intention, which differ by the nature of an individual's pursued goal and by the social interaction's temporal dimension.

TL;DR: It is concluded that uniquely human capacities for sensorimotor adaptation and affordance perception, rather than abstract conceptualization and planning, were central factors in the initial stages of human technological evolution.

TL;DR: The results indicate that a preference bias towards a visual object can be induced by low-level perceptual properties, independent of semantic meaning, via visual elements that on some level could be associated with threat.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that fMRI-related activity during performance of cognitive tasks varies across sex and phases of the menstrual cycle, which should affect selection of subjects for future fMRI studies.

TL;DR: The findings illustrate that breakdown in olfaction can occur at a perceptual or semantic level, analogous to the distinction between apperceptive and associative forms of deficit in the visual and auditory modalities.

TL;DR: It is argued that the extent of the timing "network" has been significantly over-estimated in the past and that only these three relatively small regions can safely be regarded as being directly concerned with duration judgements.

TL;DR: While performance measures from the two ToM tasks were significantly correlated, they were not associated with IGT performance, which suggests that whilst similar prefrontal circuitry is implicated in ToM and DM tasks, these cognitive domains may be independent.