Journal ArticleDOI
Sterols and other triterpenoids: source specificity and evolution of biosynthetic pathways
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TLDR
It has become clear that the cyclases that produce hopanoids from squalene and sterols and pentacyclic triterpenoids from oxidosqualene (OSCs) are closely related and reflect evolutionary changes in this biosynthetic pathway over time.About:
This article is published in Organic Geochemistry.The article was published on 2005-02-01. It has received 316 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Sterol.read more
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Biosynthesis of cholesterol and other sterols.
TL;DR: Cholesterol and its relatives possessing the 1,2-cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene ring system as mentioned in this paper form the sterolome, which comprises a chemical library of more than 1000 natural products found in all forms of eukaryotes and some prokaryotes that serve a myriad of biological functions.
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The aerobic diagenesis of Mesoproterozoic organic matter
Xiaomei Wang,Wenzhi Zhao,Shuichang Zhang,Huajian Wang,Jin Su,Donald E. Canfield,Emma U. Hammarlund +6 more
TL;DR: It is inferred that dissolved oxygen led to the transformation of hopane precursors into rearranged hopanes during the early stages of diagenesis, and the hydrocarbon signatures point towards oxic bottom waters during the deposition of Unit 3 of the Xiamaling Formation, which is consistent with the earlier oxygen-minimum zone environmental interpretation of this Unit.
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Bile acids: Chemistry, physiology, and pathophysiology
TL;DR: The family of bile acids includes a group of molecular species of acidic steroids with very peculiar physical-chemical and biological characteristics that have been used as the bases for the development of drugs and as pharmaceutical tools for the delivery of active agents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Steroids, triterpenoids and molecular oxygen
TL;DR: A review of the current state of knowledge surrounding the oxygen requirement for steroid biosynthesis and phylogenetic patterns in the distribution of steroid and triterpenoid biosynthetic pathways indicates that an ancestral anaerobic pathway is highly unlikely.
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Chemical Biomarkers in Aquatic Ecosystems
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-analyses of metabolic Synthesis and biomarker applications to Ecology and Paleoecology using Atomic Weights of Elements and Conversion Factors, as well as some of the methods used in this work to derive these units.
References
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A review of sterol markers for marine and terrigenous organic matter
TL;DR: It is indicated that inferences drawn from sterol distributions regarding sources of organic matter must be made with caution and should be supported using other lipid data, and that in ancient sediments and crude oils a high proportion of C 29 steranes need not indicate that most of the organic matter was derived from vascular plants.
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Archean molecular fossils and the early rise of eukaryotes
TL;DR: The presence of steranes, particularly cholestane and its 28- to 30-carbon analogs, provides persuasive evidence for the existence of eukaryotes 500 million to 1 billion years before the extant fossil record indicates that the lineage arose.
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Evolutionary analysis of Arabidopsis, cyanobacterial, and chloroplast genomes reveals plastid phylogeny and thousands of cyanobacterial genes in the nucleus.
William Martin,Tamas Rujan,Erik Richly,Andrea Hansen,Sabine Cornelsen,Thomas Lins,Dario Leister,Bettina Stoebe,Masami Hasegawa,David Penny +9 more
TL;DR: A phylogeny of chloroplast genomes inferred from 41 proteins and 8,303 amino acids sites indicates that at least two independent secondary endosymbiotic events have occurred involving red algae and that amino acid composition bias in chloropleft proteins strongly affects plastid genome phylogeny.
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Isoprenoid biosynthesis in bacteria: a novel pathway for the early steps leading to isopentenyl diphosphate.
TL;DR: Results confirmed the earlier results obtained by incorporation of 13C-labelled acetate into the hopanoids of other bacteria and led to the identification of a novel biosynthetic route for the early steps of isoprenoid biosynthesis.
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Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation
Gabrielle Rocap,Frank W. Larimer,Frank W. Larimer,Jane Lamerdin,Stephanie Malfatti,Patrick S. G. Chain,Patrick S. G. Chain,Nathan A. Ahlgren,Andrae Arellano,Maureen L. Coleman,Loren Hauser,Loren Hauser,Wolfgang R. Hess,Zackary I. Johnson,Miriam Land,Miriam Land,Debbie Lindell,Anton F. Post,Warren Regala,Manesh Shah,Manesh Shah,Stephanie L. Shaw,Claudia Steglich,Matthew B. Sullivan,Claire S. Ting,Andrew C. Tolonen,Eric A. Webb,Erik R. Zinser,Sallie W. Chisholm +28 more
TL;DR: The genomes of two Prochlorococcus strains that span the largest evolutionary distance within the Pro chlorococcus lineage are compared and reveal dynamic genomes that are constantly changing in response to myriad selection pressures.