Sympathetic Nervous System and Hypertension
TLDR
This review will encompass recent publications dealing with the sympathetic nervous system and hypertension, focusing on those recently published in Hypertension.Abstract:
With the development and implementation of device-based therapeutic interventions to decrease renal and systemic nerve activity in patients with resistant hypertension, there has been an increase in research dealing with the role of the sympathetic nervous system in hypertension. These interventions have produced substantial decreases in blood pressure in patients wherein pharmacological treatments, including agents which inhibit the effects of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, have failed serves to confirm and reassert the essential role of the sympathetic nervous system in hypertension. This review will encompass recent publications dealing with the sympathetic nervous system and hypertension, focusing on those recently published in Hypertension .
### Obesity-Related Hypertension
Although there has been a debate as to whether sympathetic activation is a cause or consequence of obesity, the studies noted below support the view that it is the obesity that leads to sympathetic activation. The importance of this sympathetic activation for the development of the hypertension is supported by the finding that renal denervation prevents the development of obesity hypertension in the dog.
Studies have now focused on the developmental phase of obesity hypertension regarding the renal sympathoexcitation. In rabbits fed high-fat diets, body weight, plasma insulin and leptin concentrations, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and renal sympathetic nerve activity were all increased after 1 week.1 Mean arterial pressure and body weight continued to increase over 3 weeks of high-fat diet, whereas heart rate and renal sympathetic nerve activity did not change further. Arterial baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity was attenuated from the first week of the high-fat diet. Excitatory responses to air jet stress diminished over 3 weeks of high-fat diet. Resumption of normal diet normalized glucose, insulin, leptin, and heart rate, but body weight, visceral fat content, mean arterial pressure, and renal sympathetic nerve activity remained elevated. Increased renal sympathetic nerve activity …read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Metabolic syndrome emerges after artificial selection for low baroreflex sensitivity.
Li-Li Zhang,Ying Zhang,Yan-Qiong Cheng,Jing-Ming Zhang,Hong-Qi Liu,Wei-Zhong Wang,Jawahar L. Mehta,Zhi-Gang Xiong,Ding-Feng Su,Ai-Jun Liu +9 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that selection of rats based on deficient and normal intrinsic BRS would yield models that reflect cardiovascular diseases risk and this work shows that this hypothesis is correct.
Patent
Methods for inhibiting renal nerve activity
TL;DR: In this paper, thermally-induced renal neuromodulation is achieved via direct and indirect application of thermal energy to heat or cool neural fibers that contribute to renal function, or of vascular structures that feed or perfuse the neural fibers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Healthy Sleep Associated With Lower Risk of Hypertension Regardless of Genetic Risk: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Zhi-Hao Li,Qing-Mei Huang,Xiang Gao,Vincent C.H. Chung,Pei-Dong Zhang,Dong Shen,Xi-Ru Zhang,Wen-Fang Zhong,Dan Liu,Pei-Liang Chen,Qing Chen,Miaochun Cai,Xin Cheng,Hai-Lian Yang,Wei-Qi Song,Xian-Bo Wu,Virginia B. Kraus,Chen Mao +17 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the effect of combined sleep factors on the risk of hypertension and explored whether this association is independent of genetic risk, and found that favorable sleep patterns were associated with a low risk for hypertension regardless of the genetic risk.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of renal nerves in the treatment of renovascular hypertensive rats with L-arginine
Sonia Alves Gouvea,Renata Tiradentes,Cíntia Helena Santuzzi,Vinicius Mengal,Henrique de Azevedo Futuro Neto,N.F. Silva,Gláucia R. Abreu +6 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that renal sympathetic activity participates in the genesis and the maintenance of the hypertension and demonstrate that treatment with L-arg alone is incapable of normalizing the MAP and that theeffect of such treatment is not additive with the effect of kidney denervation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Systematic Understanding of the Mechanisms of Flos Chrysanthemi Indici-mediated Effects on Hypertension via Computational Target Fishing.
Ye-Hui Chen,Shan-Shan Lei,Bo Li,Rong Luo,Xinglishang He,Yu-Zhi Wang,Fu-Chen Zhou,Gui-Yuan Lv,Su-Hong Chen +8 more
TL;DR: CIF is predicted to target multiple proteins and pathways to form a network that exerts systematic pharmacological effects in order to regulate blood pressure and metabolic disorder.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Renal sympathetic denervation in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension (The Symplicity HTN-2 Trial): A randomised controlled trial
Murray D. Esler,Henry Krum,Paul A. Sobotka,Markus P. Schlaich,Roland E. Schmieder,Michael Böhm,Felix Mahfoud,Horst Sievert,Nina Wunderlich,Lars Christian Rump,Oliver Vonend,Michael Uder,Mel Lobo,Mark J. Caulfield,Andrejs Erglis,Michel Azizi,Marc Sapoval,S. Thambar,Alexandre Persu,Jean Renkin,Heribert Schunkert,Joachim Weil,Uta C. Hoppe,Tony Walton,Dierk Scheinert,Thomas Binder,Andrzej Januszewicz,Adam Witkowski,Luis M. Ruilope,Robert Whitbourn,Heike Bruck,Mark Downes,Thomas F. Lüscher,Alan G. Jardine,Mark Webster,Thomas Zeller,Jerzy Sadowski,Krzysztof Bartus,Craig A. Straley,Neil C. Barman,David P. Lee,Ronald M. Witteles,Vivek Bhalla,Joseph M. Massaro +43 more
TL;DR: Catheter-based renal denervation can safely be used to substantially reduce blood pressure in treatment-resistant hypertensive patients and should be continued, according to the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension: a multicentre safety and proof-of-principle cohort study
Henry Krum,Markus P. Schlaich,Robert Whitbourn,Paul A. Sobotka,Jerzy Sadowski,Krzysztof Bartus,Bogusław Kapelak,Anthony Walton,Horst Sievert,S. Thambar,William T. Abraham,Murray D. Esler +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, a proof-of-principle trial of therapeutic renal sympathetic denervation in patients with resistant hypertension (i.e., systolic blood pressure ≥160 mm/hg on three or more antihypertensive medications, including a diuretic) was conducted to assess safety and blood-pressure reduction effectiveness.
Book
Neural Control Of Renal Function
Gerald F. DiBona,Ulla C. Kopp +1 more
TL;DR: The renal nerve is the communication link between the central nervous system and the kidney as discussed by the authors, which is the major structural and functional components of the kidney, the vessels, glomeruli, and tubules, each of which is innervated.
Journal Article
Response to Letter to the Editor: Catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension: a multicentre safety and proof-of principle cohort study
TL;DR: Catheter-based renal denervation causes substantial and sustained blood-pressure reduction, without serious adverse events, in patients with resistant hypertension, in a proof-of-principle trial of therapeutic renal sympathetic denervation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Renal Sympathetic-Nerve Ablation for Uncontrolled Hypertension
TL;DR: The renal sympathetic nerves have been identified as a major contributor to the complex pathophysiology of hypertension in both experimental models and in humans and may be modulated by afferent signaling from renal sensory nerves.
Related Papers (5)
Renal sympathetic denervation in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension (The Symplicity HTN-2 Trial): A randomised controlled trial
Murray D. Esler,Henry Krum,Paul A. Sobotka,Markus P. Schlaich,Roland E. Schmieder,Michael Böhm,Felix Mahfoud,Horst Sievert,Nina Wunderlich,Lars Christian Rump,Oliver Vonend,Michael Uder,Mel Lobo,Mark J. Caulfield,Andrejs Erglis,Michel Azizi,Marc Sapoval,S. Thambar,Alexandre Persu,Jean Renkin,Heribert Schunkert,Joachim Weil,Uta C. Hoppe,Tony Walton,Dierk Scheinert,Thomas Binder,Andrzej Januszewicz,Adam Witkowski,Luis M. Ruilope,Robert Whitbourn,Heike Bruck,Mark Downes,Thomas F. Lüscher,Alan G. Jardine,Mark Webster,Thomas Zeller,Jerzy Sadowski,Krzysztof Bartus,Craig A. Straley,Neil C. Barman,David P. Lee,Ronald M. Witteles,Vivek Bhalla,Joseph M. Massaro +43 more