Tension wood and opposite wood in 21 tropical rain forest species : 1. Occurence and efficiency of the G-layer
TLDR
Wood samples were taken from the upper and lower sides of 21 naturally tilted trees from 18 families of angiosperms in the tropical rain forest in French Guyana and showed that the G-layer is not a key factor in the production of high tensile stressed wood.Abstract:
SUMMARY Wood samples were taken from the upper and lower sides of 21 naturally tilted trees from 18 families of angiosperms in the tropical rain forest in French Guyana. The measurement of growth stresses ensured that the two samples were taken from wood tissues in a different mechanical state: highly tensile stressed wood on the upper side, called tension wood, and lower tensile stressed wood on the lower side, called opposite wood. Eight species had tension wood fibres with a distinct gelatinous layer (G-layer). The distribution of gelatinous fibres varied from species to species. One of the species, Casearia javitensis (Flacourtiaceae), showed a peculiar multilayered secondary wall in its reaction wood. Comparison between the stress level and the occurrence of the G-layer indicates that the G-layer is not a key factor in the production of high tensile stressed wood.read more
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Patterns of longitudinal and tangential maturation stresses in Eucalyptus nitens plantation trees
Bruno Clair,Bruno Clair,Jérôme Alteyrac,Arthur Gronvold,Jaime Espejo,B Chanson,Tancrède Alméras +6 more
TL;DR: Evaluating patterns of maturation stress on eucalypt plantation trees and their relation with growth, with a focus on tangential stress evaluation found the stress was always tensile along the longitudinal direction and compressive along the tangential direction, and their respective magnitude was positively correlated.
PART OF A HIGHLIGHT ON TREE BIOLOGY Anatomy and lignin distribution in reaction phloem fibres of several Japanese hardwoods
TL;DR: Phloem fibres of the tree species examined in this study showed three types of changes in lignin distribution and cell-wall structure, which may vary with tree species and may not be closely related to G-fibre type in tension wood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stem and wood allometric relationships in Cacteae (Cactaceae)
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to evaluate if a relationship exists between size, growth form and wood cell size among individual species of Cacteae and to support the universal theory of positive allometric scaling of vascular plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multilayered structure of tension wood cell walls in Salicaceae sensu lato and its taxonomic significance
Barbara Ghislain,Eric-André Nicolini,Raïssa Romain,Julien Ruelle,Arata Yoshinaga,Mac H. Alford,Bruno Clair +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that a multilayered structure of tension wood is common in the family except in Salix, Populus, and one of their closest relatives, Idesia polycarpa Maxim, and it is suggested that tension wood may be a useful anatomical character in understanding phylogenetic relationships in Salicaceae.
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ATR-FTIR Microspectroscopy Brings a Novel Insight Into the Study of Cell Wall Chemistry at the Cellular Level.
Clément Cuello,Paul Marchand,Françoise Laurans,Camille Grand-Perret,Véronique Laine-Prade,Gilles Pilate,Annabelle Déjardin +6 more
TL;DR: A non-destructive microphenotyping method based on attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transformed infrared (ATR-FTIR) microspectroscopy for in situ characterization of G layers is presented and it is shown that vessel S-layers of the three kinds of wood showed significant differences in IR profiling.
References
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Growth Stresses and Strains in Trees
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a more quantitative approach to the effect of growth stresses than might have been the case in the past, by taking a more qualitative approach to evaluate the relationship between growth stress and wood properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Significance of allometry in tropical saplings.
Takashi Kohyama,M. Motta +1 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesize that the advantage of maintaining assimilative area in present height is diminished in a habitat with higher growth rate and/or steeper vertical light gradient such as in.
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Physical and Chemical Properties of the Gelatinous Layer in Tension Wood Fibres of Aspen (Populus tremula L.)
Per Henrik Norberg,Hans Meier +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, different organic solvents were passed through green cylindric samples of sapwood of Abies alba Miller and Picea abies Karst, at a pressure equal to 5 cm water column.
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Detection in situ and characterization of lignin in the G -layer of tension wood fibres of Populus deltoides
TL;DR: Immunochemical labelling provides the first visualization in planta of lignin structures within the G-layer of tension wood fibres, and patterns of distribution of syringyl epitopes indicate thatSyringyl lignIn is deposited more intensely in the later phase of fibre secondary wall assembly, and is under specific spatial and temporal regulation targeted differentially throughout cell wall layers.