Tension wood and opposite wood in 21 tropical rain forest species : 1. Occurence and efficiency of the G-layer
TLDR
Wood samples were taken from the upper and lower sides of 21 naturally tilted trees from 18 families of angiosperms in the tropical rain forest in French Guyana and showed that the G-layer is not a key factor in the production of high tensile stressed wood.Abstract:
SUMMARY Wood samples were taken from the upper and lower sides of 21 naturally tilted trees from 18 families of angiosperms in the tropical rain forest in French Guyana. The measurement of growth stresses ensured that the two samples were taken from wood tissues in a different mechanical state: highly tensile stressed wood on the upper side, called tension wood, and lower tensile stressed wood on the lower side, called opposite wood. Eight species had tension wood fibres with a distinct gelatinous layer (G-layer). The distribution of gelatinous fibres varied from species to species. One of the species, Casearia javitensis (Flacourtiaceae), showed a peculiar multilayered secondary wall in its reaction wood. Comparison between the stress level and the occurrence of the G-layer indicates that the G-layer is not a key factor in the production of high tensile stressed wood.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptomics and Proteomics Reveal the Cellulose and Pectin Metabolic Processes in the Tension Wood (Non-G-Layer) of Catalpa bungei
Yao Xiao,Fei Yi,Juanjuan Ling,Zhi Wang,Kun Zhao,Nan Lu,Guan-Zheng Qu,Lisheng Kong,Wenjun Ma,Junhui Wang +9 more
TL;DR: The results revealed a change in metabolism in TW without a G-layer, and it was inferred that the change in the pectin type, esterification and cellulose characteristics in the TW of C. bungei may contribute to high tensile stress.
Book ChapterDOI
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Reaction Wood
Bruno Clair,Bernard Thibaut +1 more
TL;DR: Reaction wood produces very peculiar maturation stresses at the tree periphery, i.e. compressive stress or very high tensile stress, for compression and tension wood, respectively, as compared to moderately-high tensile stresses for normal wood as discussed by the authors.
Book ChapterDOI
Variation in angiosperm wood structure and its physiological and evolutionary significance.
TL;DR: In this chapter, the evolutionary significance of variation in angiosperm wood structure is interpreted with references to biogeography, phylogenetics, molecular development, ecophysiology and paleobotany.
Journal ArticleDOI
Xylan deposition and lignification in the multi-layered cell walls of phloem fibres in Mallotus japonicus (Euphorbiaceae).
TL;DR: Change in immunolabelling density suggests that xylan deposition in these lignified layers occurs appositionally, i.e., xylan is deposited into the lignification layers directly and not by a penetrative mechanism, and deposition does not occur after the layers are fully deposited.
Journal ArticleDOI
Características anatômicas para produção de celulose do lenho de reação de árvores inclinadas de eucalipto
Walter Torezani Neto Boschetti,Juarez Benigno Paes,José Tarcísio da Silva Oliveira,Larissa Dudecki +3 more
TL;DR: In this article, the anatomical characteristics of vessel elements and fibers were evaluated in the longitudinal direction of the stem, on the upper and lower sides of the inclination, on tension and opposite woods, respectively.
References
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Book
Growth Stresses and Strains in Trees
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a more quantitative approach to the effect of growth stresses than might have been the case in the past, by taking a more qualitative approach to evaluate the relationship between growth stress and wood properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Significance of allometry in tropical saplings.
Takashi Kohyama,M. Motta +1 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesize that the advantage of maintaining assimilative area in present height is diminished in a habitat with higher growth rate and/or steeper vertical light gradient such as in.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physical and Chemical Properties of the Gelatinous Layer in Tension Wood Fibres of Aspen (Populus tremula L.)
Per Henrik Norberg,Hans Meier +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, different organic solvents were passed through green cylindric samples of sapwood of Abies alba Miller and Picea abies Karst, at a pressure equal to 5 cm water column.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection in situ and characterization of lignin in the G -layer of tension wood fibres of Populus deltoides
TL;DR: Immunochemical labelling provides the first visualization in planta of lignin structures within the G-layer of tension wood fibres, and patterns of distribution of syringyl epitopes indicate thatSyringyl lignIn is deposited more intensely in the later phase of fibre secondary wall assembly, and is under specific spatial and temporal regulation targeted differentially throughout cell wall layers.