Journal ArticleDOI
The Arctic Forest of the Middle Eocene
TLDR
The Fossil Forest site, located on Axel Heiberg Island, Canada, has yielded a particularly rich assemblage of plant macro- and micro-fossils, as well as paleosols, all exquisitely preserved as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
Lush forests, dominated by deciduous conifers, existed well north of the Arctic Circle during the middle Eocene (∼45 Ma). The Fossil Forest site, located on Axel Heiberg Island, Canada, has yielded a particularly rich assemblage of plant macro- and microfossils, as well as paleosols—all exquisitely preserved. Methods ranging from classical paleobotany, to stable-isotope geochemistry, have been applied to materials excavated from the Fossil Forest and have revealed layers of diverse conifer forests with a rich angiosperm understory that successfully endured three months of continuous light and three months of continuous darkness. Paleoenvironmental reconstructions suggest a warm, ice-free environment, with high growing-season-relative humidity, and high rates of soil methanogenesis. Methods to evaluate intraseasonal variability highlight the switchover from stored to actively fixed carbon during the short annual growing season.read more
Citations
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Digital isochrons of the world's ocean floor
TL;DR: In this article, a digital age grid of the ocean floor with a grid node interval of 6 arc min using a self-consistent set of global isochrons and associated plate reconstruction poles was created.
Journal ArticleDOI
The early Eocene equable climate problem revisited
Matthew Huber,Rodrigo Caballero +1 more
TL;DR: The early Eocene "equable climate problem" as mentioned in this paper, i.e. warm extratropical annual mean and above-freezing winter temperatures evidenced by proxy records, has remained as one of the great unsolved problems in paleoclimate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Warm arctic continents during the Palaeocene–Eocene thermal maximum
TL;DR: Weijers et al. as discussed by the authors applied a new proxy to reconstruct the air temperature in high latitude continental areas during the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) by analysis of a marine sedimentary sequence obtained from the Lomonosov Ridge in the central Arctic Ocean (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 302, Site 004, Hole A).
Journal ArticleDOI
Biogeographic and evolutionary implications of a diverse paleobiota in amber from the early Eocene of India.
Jes Rust,Hukam Singh,Rajendra S. Rana,Tom McCann,Lacham Singh,Kenneth C. Anderson,Nivedita Sarkar,Paul C. Nascimbene,Frauke Stebner,Jennifer C. Thomas,Mónica M. Solórzano Kraemer,Christopher J. Williams,Michael S. Engel,Ashok Sahni,David A. Grimaldi +14 more
TL;DR: Cambay amber preserves a uniquely diverse and early biota of a modern-type of broad-leaf tropical forest, revealing 50 Ma of stasis and change in biological communities of the dipterocarp primary forests that dominate southeastern Asia today.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for middle Eocene Arctic sea ice from diatoms and ice-rafted debris.
Catherine E. Stickley,Catherine E. Stickley,Kristen St. John,Nalân Koç,Nalân Koç,Richard W. Jordan,Sandra Passchier,Richard B. Pearce,Lance E. Kearns +8 more
TL;DR: The data establish a 2-Myr record of sea ice, documenting the transition from a warm, ice-free environment to one dominated by winter sea ice at the start of the middle Eocene climatic cooling phase.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Isotopic Variations in Meteoric Waters
TL;DR: The relationship between deuterium and oxygen-18 concentrations in natural meteoric waters from many parts of the world has been determined with a mass spectrometer and shows a linear correlation over the entire range for waters which have not undergone excessive evaporation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cenozoic geological and plate tectonic evolution of SE Asia and the SW Pacific: computer-based reconstructions, model and animations
TL;DR: In this article, a model for the Cenozoic development of the region of SE Asia and the SW Pacific is presented and its implications are discussed, accompanied by computer animations in a variety of formats.
Journal ArticleDOI
Geocarb III: A Revised Model of Atmospheric CO2 over Phanerozoic Time
TL;DR: In this article, the GEOCARB model has been updated with an emphasis on factors affecting CO2 uptake by continental weathering, including the role of plants in chemical weathering and the application of GCMs to study the long-term carbon cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biogenic methane formation in marine and freshwater environments: CO2 reduction vs. acetate fermentation—Isotope evidence
TL;DR: In this paper, the carbon and hydrogen stable isotope composition of the methane as a function of the coexisting carbon dioxide and formation water precursors is used to distinguish two primary methanogenic pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations over the past 60 million years
TL;DR: The boron-isotope ratios of ancient planktonic foraminifer shells are used to estimate the pH of surface-layer sea water throughout the past 60 million years, which can be used to reconstruct atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
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