Journal ArticleDOI
The contentious nature of soil organic matter
Johannes Lehmann,Markus Kleber +1 more
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TLDR
It is argued that the available evidence does not support the formation of large-molecular-size and persistent ‘humic substances’ in soils, and instead soil organic matter is a continuum of progressively decomposing organic compounds.Abstract:
Instead of containing stable and chemically unique ‘humic substances’, as has been widely accepted, soil organic matter is a mixture of progressively decomposing organic compounds; this has broad implications for soil science and its applications. The exchange of nutrients, energy and carbon between soil organic matter, the soil environment, aquatic systems and the atmosphere is important for agricultural productivity, water quality and climate. Long-standing theory suggests that soil organic matter is composed of inherently stable and chemically unique compounds. Here we argue that the available evidence does not support the formation of large-molecular-size and persistent ‘humic substances’ in soils. Instead, soil organic matter is a continuum of progressively decomposing organic compounds. We discuss implications of this view of the nature of soil organic matter for aquatic health, soil carbon–climate interactions and land management. Soil organic matter contains a large portion of the world's carbon and plays an important role in maintaining productive soils and water quality. Nevertheless, a consensus on the nature of soil organic matter is lacking. Johannes Lehmann and Markus Kleber argue that soil organic matter should no longer be seen as large and persistent, chemically unique substances, but as a continuum of progressively decomposing organic compounds.read more
Citations
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Soil Organic Matter Alteration Velocity due to Land-Use Change: A Case Study under Conservation Agriculture
Ádám Rieder,Balázs Madarász,Judit Alexandra Szabó,Dóra Zacháry,Anna Vancsik,Marianna Ringer,Zoltán Szalai,Gergely Jakab +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantify changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) content and SOM composition of the same soil under 14 years of conservation tillage, plowing tillage (PT), and native forest (NF).
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil fertility and bacterial community composition in a semiarid Mediterranean agricultural soil under long‐term tillage management
Mohammad Yaghoubi Khanghahi,Giovanna Cucci,Giovanni Lacolla,Loredana Lanzellotti,Carmine Crecchio +4 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Adsorption of Organic Acids and Phosphate to an Iron (Oxyhydr)oxide Mineral: A Combined Experimental and Density Functional Theory Study.
Tsutomu Ohno,James D. Kubicki +1 more
TL;DR: Experimental and computational results provide molecular-level evidence of the important role of electrostatic forces in the bonding between carboxylic acids with Fe-hydroxides, which may assist in the formulation of management studies to meet the challenges of maintaining ecosystems services in the face of a changing climate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Water‐soluble phenolic metabolites in lichens and their potential role in soil organic matter formation at the pre‐vascular stage
A. G. Zavarzina,A. G. Zavarzina,Tatjana N. Nikolaeva,Vladimir V. Demin,Petr V. Lapshin,Mikhail I. Makarov,A. A. Zavarzin,N. Zagoskina +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the identification and quantification of water-soluble phenolic compounds (PCs), potential precursors of humic substances, in epigeyic lichens from two systematic groups was reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changes in structural characteristics of humic and fulvic acids under chlorination and their association with trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids formation
TL;DR: The effects of chlorination on 16 humic and fulvic acids extracted from six different soil samples from Korea and two purchased soil samples were investigated to identify the changes in their structural characteristics and their effects on trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and haloacetic acid formation potential.
References
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TL;DR: The Structure of Scientific Revolutions as discussed by the authors is a seminal work in the history of science and philosophy of science, and it has been widely cited as a major source of inspiration for the present generation of scientists.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an analysis of organic matter in soil using NMR Spectroscopy and analytical pyrolysis, showing that organic matter is composed of nitrogen and ammonium.