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The Control of the Metabolic Switch in Cancers by Oncogenes and Tumor
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TLDR
Cells from some tumors use an altered metabolic pattern compared with that of normal differentiated adult cells in the body, which provides substrates for cell growth and division and free energy (ATP) from enhanced glucose use.Abstract:
Cells from some tumors use an altered metabolic pattern compared with that of normal differentiated adult cells in the body. Tumor cells take up much more glucose and mainly process it through aerobic glycolysis, producing large quantities of secreted lactate with a lower use of oxidative phosphorylation that would generate more adenosine triphosphate (ATP), water, and carbon dioxide. This is the Warburg effect, which provides substrates for cell growth and division and free energy (ATP) from enhanced glucose use. This metabolic switch places the emphasis on producing intermediates for cell growth and division, and it is regulated by both oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in a number of key cancer-producing pathways. Blocking these metabolic pathways or restoring these altered pathways could lead to a new approach in cancer treatments.read more
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Metabolic host responses to infection by intracellular bacterial pathogens
TL;DR: There is an urgent need for cellular models that more closely reflect the in vivo infection conditions and the exact knowledge of the metabolic host cell responses may provide new interesting concepts for antibacterial therapies.
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PARP14 promotes the Warburg effect in hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting JNK1-dependent PKM2 phosphorylation and activation
Valeria Iansante,PM Choy,Sze Wai Fung,Ying Liu,Jian-Guo Chai,Julian Dyson,Alberto Del Rio,Clive D'Santos,Roger Williams,Shilpa Chokshi,Robert A. Anders,Concetta Bubici,Salvatore Papa +12 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the anti-apoptotic protein poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)14 promotes aerobic glycolysis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by maintaining low activity of the pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2), a key regulator of the Warburg effect.
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A Clearer View of the Molecular Complexity of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Ian J. Frew,Holger Moch +1 more
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Therapeutic targeting of cancer cell metabolism
TL;DR: Current concepts of normal metabolism and altered metabolism in cancer cells are reviewed with specific emphasis on molecular targets involved directly in glycolysis or glutamine metabolism, which has been re-discovered as an essential bioenergetic and anabolic substrate for many cancer cell types.
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The embryonic origins of erythropoiesis in mammals.
TL;DR: Some common and distinguishing features of the red blood cell lineages are highlighted and advances in the understanding of how these cells develop and differentiate throughout mammalian ontogeny are summarized.
References
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Understanding the Warburg Effect: The Metabolic Requirements of Cell Proliferation
TL;DR: It is proposed that the metabolism of cancer cells, and indeed all proliferating cells, is adapted to facilitate the uptake and incorporation of nutrients into the biomass needed to produce a new cell.
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Targeting HIF-1 for cancer therapy
TL;DR: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activates the transcription of genes that are involved in crucial aspects of cancer biology, including angiogenesis, cell survival, glucose metabolism and invasion.
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An Integrated Genomic Analysis of Human Glioblastoma Multiforme
D. Williams Parsons,Siân Jones,Xiaosong Zhang,Jimmy Lin,Rebecca J. Leary,Philipp Angenendt,Parminder Mankoo,Hannah Carter,I-Mei Siu,Gary L. Gallia,Alessandro Olivi,Roger E. McLendon,B.K. Ahmed Rasheed,Stephen T. Keir,Tatiana Nikolskaya,Yuri Nikolsky,Dana A. Busam,Hanna Tekleab,Luis A. Diaz,James Hartigan,Doug R. Smith,Robert L. Strausberg,Suely Kazue Nagahashi Marie,Sueli Mieko Oba Shinjo,Hai Yan,Gregory J. Riggins,Darell D. Bigner,Rachel Karchin,Nick Papadopoulos,Giovanni Parmigiani,Bert Vogelstein,Victor E. Velculescu,Kenneth W. Kinzler +32 more
TL;DR: Recurrent mutations in the active site of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) occurred in a large fraction of young patients and in most patients with secondary GBMs and were associated with an increase in overall survival.
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IDH1 and IDH2 Mutations in Gliomas
Hai Yan,D. Williams Parsons,Genglin Jin,Roger E. McLendon,B.K. Ahmed Rasheed,Weishi Yuan,Ivan Kos,Ines Batinic-Haberle,Siân Jones,Gregory J. Riggins,Henry S. Friedman,Allan H. Friedman,David A. Reardon,James E. Herndon,Kenneth W. Kinzler,Victor E. Velculescu,Bert Vogelstein,Darell D. Bigner +17 more
TL;DR: Mutations of NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases encoded by IDH1 and IDH2 occur in a majority of several types of malignant gliomas.