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The electron cyclotron maser
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The electron cyclotron maser (ECM) as mentioned in this paper is based on a stimulated cyclogron emission process involving energetic electrons in gyrational motion, which constitutes a cornerstone of relativistic electronics.Abstract:
The electron cyclotron maser (ECM) is based on a stimulated cyclotron emission process involving energetic electrons in gyrational motion. It constitutes a cornerstone of relativistic electronics, a discipline that has emerged from our understanding and utilization of relativistic effects for the generation of coherent radiation from free electrons. Over a span of four decades, the ECM has undergone a remarkably successful evolution from basic research to device implementation while continuously being enriched by new physical insights. By delivering unprecedented power levels, ECM-based devices have occupied a unique position in the millimeter and submillimeter regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and find use in numerous applications such as fusion plasma heating, advanced radars, industrial processing, materials characterization, particle acceleration, and tracking of space objects. This article presents a comprehensive review of the fundamental principles of the ECM and their embodiment in practical devices.read more
Citations
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Dynamic nuclear polarization at high magnetic fields
Thorsten Maly,Galia T. Debelouchina,Vikram S. Bajaj,Kan-Nian Hu,Chan-Gyu Joo,Melody L. Mak-Jurkauskas,Jagadishwar R. Sirigiri,Patrick C.A. van der Wel,Judith Herzfeld,Richard J. Temkin,Robert G. Griffin +10 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on recent developments in the field of DNP with a special emphasis on work done at high magnetic fields (> or =5 T), the regime where contemporary NMR experiments are performed.
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The electron–cyclotron maser for astrophysical application
TL;DR: The electron-cyclotron maser is a process that generates coherent radiation from plasma as mentioned in this paper, and it has gained increasing attention as a dominant mechanism of producing high-power radiation in natural high-temperature magnetized plasmas.
Journal ArticleDOI
State-of-the-Art of High-Power Gyro-Devices and Free Electron Masers
TL;DR: A review of the development of high-power gyrotron oscillators for long-pulse or CW operation and pulsed gyrotrons for many applications can be found in this article.
Linear and nonlinear theory of the Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonance maser based on TE and TM waveguide modes
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive theory of the cyclotron resonance maser (CRM) interaction in a circular waveguide is presented, and the conditions for maximum temporal and spatial growth rates are shown.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Gyrotron at 50: Historical Overview
TL;DR: A review of the development and the present state-of-the-art of gyrotrons for controlled thermonuclear fusion plasma applications can be found in this paper, where the first gyrotron was invented, designed and tested in Gorky, USSR (now Nizhny Novgorod, Russia), in 1964.
References
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Spontaneously Growing Transverse Waves in a Plasma Due to an Anisotropic Velocity Distribution
TL;DR: In this article, self-excited transverse electromagnetic waves which involve only the electrons were found to exist in plasmas provided the velocity distribution is sufficiently anisotropic, and their existence and rate of growth were derived from the Boltzmam transport equation, neglecting the collision term and retaining only linear terms of the perturbation.
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A theory of the terrestrial kilometric radiation
C. S. Wu,Lou-Chuang Lee +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, it was found that reflected electrons can result in the amplification of electromagnetic waves via a relativistic normal cyclotron resonance, which may explain the recently discovered terrestrial kilometric radiation.
Journal Article
The Gyrotron
TL;DR: In this article, the authors described the genealogical tree of the gyrotron, stimulated emission of cyclotron radiation in microwave electronics from magnetron to gyroscope, and arrangement of the Gyroscope.
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Radiation Transfer and the Possibility of Negative Absorption in Radio Astronomy
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that negative absorption can arise at radio wavelengths when the medium will behave like an amplifier to the incident radiation, and that the stimulated transition probability should have a maximum at some finite value of the kinetic energy, the most favourable case occurring when this maximum is a sharp one at the value of? at which ¶F/¶? has a positive maximum.