Journal ArticleDOI
The photochemistry of a remote marine stratiform cloud
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In this article, coupled gas and aqueous-phase photochemistry of a stratiform cloud in a remote region of the marine atmosphere is investigated with a time-dependent box model.Abstract:
The coupled gas- and aqueous-phase photochemistry of a stratiform cloud in a remote region of the marine atmosphere is investigated with a time-dependent box model. Both scavenging of ambient acidic aerosols and gases as well as aqueous-phase chemical reactions within droplets are found to be important sources of acidity to cloud water and can lead to pH levels in cloud water in the remote marine atmosphere well below 5.6. The major sources of acidity via aqueous-phase chemical reactions are the generation of sulfuric acid from dissolved SO2 and the generation of formic acid from dissolved formaldehyde. In both cases, aqueous-phase free radicals can play a significant role either directly by oxidizing dissolved SO2 and HCHO or indirectly by producing the aqueous-phase oxidant H2O2. The rate of SO2 conversion to sulfuric acid is sensitive to a variety of parameters including the accommodation or sticking coefficient for SO2, H2O2, HO2, and OH, the liquid water content, and the ambient levels of SO2, HNO3, and other acidic or basic gases. Because high levels of SO2 tend to deplete cloud water of H2O3, the possibility exists that the pH of precipitation in polluted regions will respond nonlinearly to reduced SO2 emissions.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Phase partitioning of soluble trace gases with size-resolved aerosols in near-surface continental air over northern Colorado, USA, during winter
Andrew H. Young,William C. Keene,Alexander A. P. Pszenny,Rolf Sander,Joel A. Thornton,Theran P. Riedel,John R. Maben +6 more
TL;DR: The results of the 2011 Tall Tower campaign as mentioned in this paper indicated that HCl is associated with supermicrometer size fractions whereas NO3− and NH4+ were associated with submicrometers size fractions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cloud processing of the cloud condensation nucleus spectrum and its climatological consequences
Keith Bower,Thomas Choularton +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of aqueous phase cloud chemistry in changing the activated cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) spectrum is presented. But the authors focus on the effect of cloud-droplet chemistry on the smallest activated CCNs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photochemical ozone production in tropical squall line convection during NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment/Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment 2A
Kenneth E. Pickering,Anne M. Thompson,John R. Scala,Wei-Kuo Tao,Joanne Simpson,Michael Garstang +5 more
TL;DR: The role of convection in trace gas transport and ozone production in a tropical dry season squall line sampled on August 3, 1985, during NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment/Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment 2A (NASA GTE/ABLE 2A) in Amazonia, Brazil was examined with a combination of two-dimensional cloud and one-dimensional photochemical modeling as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carboxylic monoacids in the air of Mayombe Forest (Congo) : role of the forest as a source or sink
TL;DR: In the tropical rain forests of the Congo during the dry season, from June to September 1987, carboxylic acid partial pressures (P petertoddgas) in the air above the canopy, at ground level, and at the boundary layer, were estimated from water samples such as fog and rainwater as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the Exchange of NO3 Radicals with Aqueous Solutions: Solubility and Sticking Coefficient
TL;DR: In this article, an upper bound for the product of the Henry coefficient (KH = 5 M · atm-1) and available thermodynamic data was derived for the potential reaction NO3 + H2O → HNO3 + OH.
References
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Book
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
TL;DR: CRC handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC handbook as discussed by the authors, CRC Handbook for Chemistry and Physiology, CRC Handbook for Physics,
Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modeling
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TL;DR: As part of a series of evaluated sets, rate constants and photochemical cross sections compiled by the NASA Panel for Data Evaluation are provided in this article, with particular emphasis on the ozone layer and its possible perturbation by anthropogenic and natural phenomena.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tropospheric chemistry: A global perspective
TL;DR: A model for the photochemistry of the global troposphere constrained by observed concentrations of H2O, O3, CO, CH4, NO, NO2, and HNO3 is presented in this paper.
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TL;DR: The Selected Values of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties as mentioned in this paper, published by the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) in 1952, is a seminal work in the field of thermodynamics.