Journal ArticleDOI
The photochemistry of a remote marine stratiform cloud
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In this article, coupled gas and aqueous-phase photochemistry of a stratiform cloud in a remote region of the marine atmosphere is investigated with a time-dependent box model.Abstract:
The coupled gas- and aqueous-phase photochemistry of a stratiform cloud in a remote region of the marine atmosphere is investigated with a time-dependent box model. Both scavenging of ambient acidic aerosols and gases as well as aqueous-phase chemical reactions within droplets are found to be important sources of acidity to cloud water and can lead to pH levels in cloud water in the remote marine atmosphere well below 5.6. The major sources of acidity via aqueous-phase chemical reactions are the generation of sulfuric acid from dissolved SO2 and the generation of formic acid from dissolved formaldehyde. In both cases, aqueous-phase free radicals can play a significant role either directly by oxidizing dissolved SO2 and HCHO or indirectly by producing the aqueous-phase oxidant H2O2. The rate of SO2 conversion to sulfuric acid is sensitive to a variety of parameters including the accommodation or sticking coefficient for SO2, H2O2, HO2, and OH, the liquid water content, and the ambient levels of SO2, HNO3, and other acidic or basic gases. Because high levels of SO2 tend to deplete cloud water of H2O3, the possibility exists that the pH of precipitation in polluted regions will respond nonlinearly to reduced SO2 emissions.read more
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Modeling the chemistry of the marine boundary layer: Sulphate formation and the role of sea‐salt aerosol particles
TL;DR: In this article, a one-dimensional model is presented that interactively simulates the dynamics and the gas-aqueous phase chemistry of the cloud-topped marine boundary layer, using observations from the Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment/Marine Aerosol and Gas Exchange (ASTEX/MAGE) measurement campaign.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement and speciation of gas and particulate phase organic acidity in an urban environment: 1. Analytical
Joy Lawrence,Petros Koutrakis +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a field study conducted in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, during the summer of 1992, to investigate the chemistry and origins of gas and particulate phase organic acids were found to be significantly higher during the day than at night.
Journal ArticleDOI
MICS-Asia II: Model intercomparison and evaluation of particulate sulfate, nitrate and ammonium
Hiroshi Hayami,Tatsuya Sakurai,Zhiwei Han,H. Ueda,Gregory R. Carmichael,David G. Streets,Tracey Holloway,Zhong-Jun Wang,Narisara Thongboonchoo,Magnuz Engardt,Cecilia Bennet,Christopher Fung,A. Chang,Soon-Ung Park,Mizuo Kajino,Karine Sartelet,Kazuhide Matsuda,Markus Amann +17 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the results for particulate matter of sulfate, nitrate and ammonium through comparison with each other and with monthly measurements at EANET (the acid deposition monitoring network in East Asia) and daily measurements at Fukue, Japan.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effective thickness of water films on leaves
L.W.A. van Hove,E.H. Adema +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the NH3 adsorption data on leaves were used to quantify the thickness of the apparent water layer on the leaf surface and showed that the thickness depends on air humidity and varied from 10μm at low relative humidity to 100 μm at high relative humidity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spectroscopy and decay kinetics of the sulfite radical anion in aqueous solution
TL;DR: The sulfite radical anion, SO3, has been proposed as a chain carrier in the aerobic free-radical chain oxidation of sulfur dioxide in aqueous solution and the absorption spectrum of SO3 has been obtained following the laser photolysis of argon-saturated sodium dithionate solutions at 193 nm as discussed by the authors.
References
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Book
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
TL;DR: CRC handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC handbook as discussed by the authors, CRC Handbook for Chemistry and Physiology, CRC Handbook for Physics,
Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modeling
W. B. Demore,J. J. Margitan,Mario J. Molina,R. T. Watson,D. M. Golden,R. F. Hampson,Michael J. Kurylo,Carleton J. Howard,A. R. Ravishankara +8 more
TL;DR: As part of a series of evaluated sets, rate constants and photochemical cross sections compiled by the NASA Panel for Data Evaluation are provided in this article, with particular emphasis on the ozone layer and its possible perturbation by anthropogenic and natural phenomena.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tropospheric chemistry: A global perspective
TL;DR: A model for the photochemistry of the global troposphere constrained by observed concentrations of H2O, O3, CO, CH4, NO, NO2, and HNO3 is presented in this paper.
Book
Selected values of chemical thermodynamic properties
TL;DR: The Selected Values of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties as mentioned in this paper, published by the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) in 1952, is a seminal work in the field of thermodynamics.