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Journal ArticleDOI

The photochemistry of a remote marine stratiform cloud

William L. Chameides
- 20 Jun 1984 - 
- Vol. 89, pp 4739-4755
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TLDR
In this article, coupled gas and aqueous-phase photochemistry of a stratiform cloud in a remote region of the marine atmosphere is investigated with a time-dependent box model.
Abstract
The coupled gas- and aqueous-phase photochemistry of a stratiform cloud in a remote region of the marine atmosphere is investigated with a time-dependent box model. Both scavenging of ambient acidic aerosols and gases as well as aqueous-phase chemical reactions within droplets are found to be important sources of acidity to cloud water and can lead to pH levels in cloud water in the remote marine atmosphere well below 5.6. The major sources of acidity via aqueous-phase chemical reactions are the generation of sulfuric acid from dissolved SO2 and the generation of formic acid from dissolved formaldehyde. In both cases, aqueous-phase free radicals can play a significant role either directly by oxidizing dissolved SO2 and HCHO or indirectly by producing the aqueous-phase oxidant H2O2. The rate of SO2 conversion to sulfuric acid is sensitive to a variety of parameters including the accommodation or sticking coefficient for SO2, H2O2, HO2, and OH, the liquid water content, and the ambient levels of SO2, HNO3, and other acidic or basic gases. Because high levels of SO2 tend to deplete cloud water of H2O3, the possibility exists that the pH of precipitation in polluted regions will respond nonlinearly to reduced SO2 emissions.

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Citations
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Multi-Phase Processes in the Atmospheric Sulfur Cycle

Jos Lelieveld
TL;DR: The background troposphere is defined as the part of the troposphere that is not directly affected by anthropogenic emissions of trace compounds, a predominantly marine environment as discussed by the authors, which is the main focus of this paper.
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The solubility of ozone in aqueous solutions of sulfuric, phosphoric, and perchloric acids

TL;DR: In this paper, the solubility of ozone in pure water and aqueous solutions of sulfuric, phosphoric, and perchloric acids was determined at 20°C.
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Horizontal Bubble Train Apparatus for Heterogeneous Chemistry Studies: Uptake of Gas-Phase Formaldehyde

TL;DR: In this article, a new horizontal bubble train was built to conduct time-resolved gas−liquid interaction studies of interest in atmospheric chemistry, where liquid is pumped horizontally through a 0.4 cm i.d. quartz tube at a controlled speed of 15−35 cm/s.
References
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Book

CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics

TL;DR: CRC handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC handbook as discussed by the authors, CRC Handbook for Chemistry and Physiology, CRC Handbook for Physics,

Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modeling

TL;DR: As part of a series of evaluated sets, rate constants and photochemical cross sections compiled by the NASA Panel for Data Evaluation are provided in this article, with particular emphasis on the ozone layer and its possible perturbation by anthropogenic and natural phenomena.
Journal ArticleDOI

Tropospheric chemistry: A global perspective

TL;DR: A model for the photochemistry of the global troposphere constrained by observed concentrations of H2O, O3, CO, CH4, NO, NO2, and HNO3 is presented in this paper.
Book

Selected values of chemical thermodynamic properties

TL;DR: The Selected Values of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties as mentioned in this paper, published by the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) in 1952, is a seminal work in the field of thermodynamics.
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