Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Early Life Stress in Adult Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review According to Childhood Trauma Subtypes
Clara Passmann Carr,Camilla Maria Severi Martins,Ana Maria Stingel,Vera Braga Lemgruber,Mario Francisco Juruena +4 more
TLDR
A deeper understanding about the unique effects of ELS subtypes in childhood and adolescence can predict the development of psychopathology in adults, especially for mental health professionals.Abstract:
Early life stress (ELS; sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect) has been the focus of numerous studies. It has been associated with the onset and the severity of psychiatric disorders in adults. The objective of this study was to review the literature on ELS associated with psychiatric disorders in adulthood, seeking to identify whether there are independent effects between subtypes of early stress in triggering psychopathology in adults. We reviewed articles from 2001 to 2011 in four databases (PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and PsycINFO), with the following key words: child abuse, maltreatment, early life stress, psychiatric disorders, mental disease, and psychopathology. Forty-four articles were selected, and most of these articles demonstrate that the subtypes of ELS are associated with several psychiatric disorders, more specifically: physical abuse, sexual abuse, and unspecified neglect with mood disorders and anxiety disorders; emotional abuse with personality disorders and schizophrenia; and physical neglect with personality disorders. Physical neglect had the weakest association between the subtypes. ELS subtypes in childhood and adolescence can predict the development of psychopathology in adults. Scientific evidence shows that ELS triggers, aggravates, maintains, and increases the recurrence of psychiatric disorders. These results demonstrate the importance of a deeper understanding about the unique effects of ELS subtypes, especially for mental health professionals.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Minimization of childhood maltreatment is common and consequential: results from a large, multinational sample using the childhood trauma questionnaire
Kai MacDonald,Michael L. Thomas,Andres F Sciolla,Beacher Schneider,Katherine Pappas,Gijs Bleijenberg,Martin Bohus,Bradley Bekh,Bradley Bekh,Linda L. Carpenter,Alan Carr,Udo Dannlowski,Martin J. Dorahy,Claudia Fahlke,Ricky Finzi-Dottan,Tobi Karu,Arne Gerdner,Heide Glaesmer,Hans J. Grabe,Marianne Heins,Dianna T. Kenny,Daeho Kim,Hans Knoop,Jill Lobbestael,Christine Lochner,Grethe Lauritzen,Edle Ravndal,Shelley A. Riggs,Vedat Sar,Ingo Schäfer,Nicole Schlosser,Melanie L. Schwandt,Murray B. Stein,Claudia Subic-Wrana,Mark Vogel,Katja Wingenfeld +35 more
TL;DR: Investigation of 3 aspects of minimization, as defined by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire's MD scale, suggested that a minimizing response bias—as detected by the MD subscale—has a small but significant moderating effect on the CTQ’s discriminative validity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) methylation processes as mediators of early adversity in stress-related disorders causality: A critical review
TL;DR: It is summarized that several types of ELS have been frequently associated with NR3C1 hypermethylation whereas hypomethylation has been continuously found to be associated with post-traumatic stress disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of Childhood Trauma Exposure With Adult Psychiatric Disorders and Functional Outcomes
William E. Copeland,Lilly Shanahan,Jennifer Hinesley,Robin F. Chan,Karolina A. Aberg,John A. Fairbank,Edwin J. C. G. van den Oord,E. Jane Costello +7 more
TL;DR: In this cohort study, cumulative childhood trauma was associated with higher rates of adult psychiatric disorders and poorer functional outcomes even after adjusting for a broad range of other childhood risk factors for these outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stress and Health: A Review of Psychobiological Processes.
TL;DR: The studies reviewed in this article confirm that stress has an impact on multiple biological systems and ought to consider further the importance of early-life adversity and continue to explore how different biological systems interact in the context of stress and health processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Is there a "metabolic-mood syndrome"? A review of the relationship between obesity and mood disorders.
TL;DR: Accumulating evidence indicates that there is a consistent association of multiple abnormalities in neuropsychological constructs, as well as correspondent brain abnormalities, with broad-based metabolic dysfunction, suggesting, therefore, that the existence of a "metabolic-mood syndrome" is possible.
References
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