Two-level systems in superconducting quantum devices due to trapped quasiparticles.
S. E. de Graaf,Lara Faoro,Lara Faoro,Lev Ioffe,Lev Ioffe,Sumedh Mahashabde,Jonathan Burnett,Tobias Lindström,Sergey Kubatkin,Andrey Danilov,A. Ya. Tzalenchuk,A. Ya. Tzalenchuk +11 more
TLDR
Here, a previously unexplored decoherence mechanism is revealed in the form of a new type of TLS originating from trapped QPs, which can induce qubit relaxation and thus affect coherence over exponentially long time scales.Abstract:
A major issue for the implementation of large-scale superconducting quantum circuits is the interaction with interfacial two-level system (TLS) defects that lead to qubit parameter fluctuations and relaxation. Another major challenge comes from nonequilibrium quasiparticles (QPs) that result in qubit relaxation and dephasing. Here, we reveal a previously unexplored decoherence mechanism in the form of a new type of TLS originating from trapped QPs, which can induce qubit relaxation. Using spectral, temporal, thermal, and magnetic field mapping of TLS-induced fluctuations in frequency tunable resonators, we identify a highly coherent subset of the general TLS population with a low reconfiguration temperature ∼300 mK and a nonuniform density of states. These properties can be understood if the TLS are formed by QPs trapped in shallow subgap states formed by spatial fluctutations of the superconducting order parameter. This implies that even very rare QP bursts will affect coherence over exponentially long time scales.read more
Citations
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New material platform for superconducting transmon qubits with coherence times exceeding 0.3 milliseconds.
Alexander Place,Lila V. H. Rodgers,Pranav Mundada,Basil Smitham,Mattias Fitzpatrick,Zhaoqi Leng,Anjali Premkumar,Jacob Bryon,Andrei Vrajitoarea,Sara Sussman,Guangming Cheng,Trisha Madhavan,Harshvardhan K. Babla,Xuan Hoang Le,Youqi Gang,Berthold Jäck,Andras Gyenis,Nan Yao,Robert J. Cava,Nathalie P. de Leon,Andrew Houck +20 more
TL;DR: In this article, two-dimensional transmon qubits with both lifetimes and coherence times longer than 0.3 milliseconds were constructed by replacing niobium with tantalum in the device.
Journal ArticleDOI
Engineering high-coherence superconducting qubits
Irfan Siddiqi,Irfan Siddiqi +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the major sources of decoherence in superconducting qubits are identified through an exploration of seminal qubit and resonator experiments, and the proposed microscopic mechanisms associated with these imperfections are summarized, and directions for future research are discussed.
Posted Content
Saving superconducting quantum processors from qubit decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays
TL;DR: In this article, the phonon to electron/quasiparticle down-conversion physics model is used to model how cosmic rays or stray background radiation affects superconducting qubits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Saving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays
TL;DR: In this article, the phonon to electron/quasiparticle down-conversion physics model was used to predict that about 57% of the radiation energy breaks Cooper pairs into quasiparticles, which then vigorously suppress the qubit energy relaxation time.
Posted Content
Microscopic Relaxation Channels in Materials for Superconducting Qubits
Anjali Premkumar,Conan Weiland,Sooyeon Hwang,Berthold Jaeck,Alexander Place,Iradwikanari Waluyo,Adrian Hunt,Valentina Bisogni,Jonathan Pelliciari,Andi Barbour,Mike S. Miller,Paola Russo,Fernando Camino,Kim Kisslinger,Xiao Tong,Mark S. Hybertsen,Andrew Houck,Ignace Jarrige +17 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed measurements of transmon qubit relaxation times with spectroscopy and microscopy of thin polycrystalline niobium films used in qubit fabrication.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Supplementary information for "Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor"
Frank Arute,Kunal Arya,Ryan Babbush,Dave Bacon,Joseph C. Bardin,Rami Barends,Rupak Biswas,Sergio Boixo,Fernando G. S. L. Brandão,David A. Buell,B. Burkett,Yu Chen,Zijun Chen,Ben Chiaro,Roberto Collins,William Courtney,Andrew Dunsworth,Edward Farhi,Brooks Foxen,Austin G. Fowler,Craig Gidney,Marissa Giustina,R. Graff,Keith Guerin,Steve Habegger,Matthew P. Harrigan,Michael J. Hartmann,Alan Ho,Markus R. Hoffmann,Trent Huang,Travis S. Humble,Sergei V. Isakov,Evan Jeffrey,Zhang Jiang,Dvir Kafri,Kostyantyn Kechedzhi,Julian Kelly,Paul V. Klimov,Sergey Knysh,Alexander N. Korotkov,Fedor Kostritsa,David Landhuis,Mike Lindmark,Erik Lucero,Dmitry I. Lyakh,Salvatore Mandrà,Jarrod R. McClean,Matt McEwen,Anthony Megrant,Xiao Mi,Kristel Michielsen,Masoud Mohseni,Josh Mutus,Ofer Naaman,Matthew Neeley,Charles Neill,Murphy Yuezhen Niu,Eric Ostby,Andre Petukhov,John Platt,Chris Quintana,Eleanor Rieffel,Pedram Roushan,Nicholas C. Rubin,Daniel Sank,Kevin J. Satzinger,Vadim Smelyanskiy,Kevin Sung,Matthew D. Trevithick,Amit Vainsencher,Benjamin Villalonga,Theodore White,Z. Jamie Yao,Ping Yeh,Adam Zalcman,Hartmut Neven,John M. Martinis +76 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated version of supplementary information to accompany "Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor", an article published in the October 24, 2019 issue of Nature, is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor
Frank Arute,Kunal Arya,Ryan Babbush,Dave Bacon,Joseph C. Bardin,Joseph C. Bardin,Rami Barends,Rupak Biswas,Sergio Boixo,Fernando G. S. L. Brandão,Fernando G. S. L. Brandão,David A. Buell,B. Burkett,Yu Chen,Zijun Chen,Ben Chiaro,Roberto Collins,William Courtney,Andrew Dunsworth,Edward Farhi,Brooks Foxen,Brooks Foxen,Austin G. Fowler,Craig Gidney,Marissa Giustina,R. Graff,Keith Guerin,Steve Habegger,Matthew P. Harrigan,Michael J. Hartmann,Michael J. Hartmann,Alan Ho,Markus R. Hoffmann,Trent Huang,Travis S. Humble,Sergei V. Isakov,Evan Jeffrey,Zhang Jiang,Dvir Kafri,Kostyantyn Kechedzhi,Julian Kelly,Paul V. Klimov,Sergey Knysh,Alexander N. Korotkov,Alexander N. Korotkov,Fedor Kostritsa,David Landhuis,Mike Lindmark,E. Lucero,Dmitry I. Lyakh,Salvatore Mandrà,Jarrod R. McClean,Matt McEwen,Anthony Megrant,Xiao Mi,Kristel Michielsen,Kristel Michielsen,Masoud Mohseni,Josh Mutus,Ofer Naaman,Matthew Neeley,Charles Neill,Murphy Yuezhen Niu,Eric Ostby,Andre Petukhov,John Platt,Chris Quintana,Eleanor Rieffel,Pedram Roushan,Nicholas C. Rubin,Daniel Sank,Kevin J. Satzinger,Vadim Smelyanskiy,Kevin J. Sung,Kevin J. Sung,Matthew D. Trevithick,Amit Vainsencher,Benjamin Villalonga,Benjamin Villalonga,Theodore White,Z. Jamie Yao,Ping Yeh,Adam Zalcman,Hartmut Neven,John M. Martinis,John M. Martinis +85 more
TL;DR: Quantum supremacy is demonstrated using a programmable superconducting processor known as Sycamore, taking approximately 200 seconds to sample one instance of a quantum circuit a million times, which would take a state-of-the-art supercomputer around ten thousand years to compute.
Book
Electron-electron interactions in disordered systems
A. L. Efros,Michael Pollak +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of Coulomb interactions on electronic states and tansport in disordered insulators is discussed. But the Coulomb interaction is not considered in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-level states in glasses
TL;DR: In this paper, a wide range of experimental and theoretical studies of two-level or tunnelling states in glasses are discussed, focusing on fundamental physics rather than a detailed comparison of experiment and theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
The flux qubit revisited to enhance coherence and reproducibility.
Fei Yan,Simon Gustavsson,Archana Kamal,Jeffrey Birenbaum,Adam Sears,David Hover,Theodore Gudmundsen,Danna Rosenberg,Gabriel Samach,S. J. Weber,Jonilyn Yoder,Terry P. Orlando,John Clarke,Andrew J. Kerman,William D. Oliver +14 more
TL;DR: The design and fabrication of the superconducting flux qubit is revisited, achieving a planar device with broad-frequency tunability, strong anharmonicity, high reproducibility and relaxation times in excess of 40 μs at its flux-insensitive point.
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Supplementary information for "Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor"
Frank Arute,Kunal Arya,Ryan Babbush,Dave Bacon,Joseph C. Bardin,Rami Barends,Rupak Biswas,Sergio Boixo,Fernando G. S. L. Brandão,David A. Buell,B. Burkett,Yu Chen,Zijun Chen,Ben Chiaro,Roberto Collins,William Courtney,Andrew Dunsworth,Edward Farhi,Brooks Foxen,Austin G. Fowler,Craig Gidney,Marissa Giustina,R. Graff,Keith Guerin,Steve Habegger,Matthew P. Harrigan,Michael J. Hartmann,Alan Ho,Markus R. Hoffmann,Trent Huang,Travis S. Humble,Sergei V. Isakov,Evan Jeffrey,Zhang Jiang,Dvir Kafri,Kostyantyn Kechedzhi,Julian Kelly,Paul V. Klimov,Sergey Knysh,Alexander N. Korotkov,Fedor Kostritsa,David Landhuis,Mike Lindmark,Erik Lucero,Dmitry I. Lyakh,Salvatore Mandrà,Jarrod R. McClean,Matt McEwen,Anthony Megrant,Xiao Mi,Kristel Michielsen,Masoud Mohseni,Josh Mutus,Ofer Naaman,Matthew Neeley,Charles Neill,Murphy Yuezhen Niu,Eric Ostby,Andre Petukhov,John Platt,Chris Quintana,Eleanor Rieffel,Pedram Roushan,Nicholas C. Rubin,Daniel Sank,Kevin J. Satzinger,Vadim Smelyanskiy,Kevin Sung,Matthew D. Trevithick,Amit Vainsencher,Benjamin Villalonga,Theodore White,Z. Jamie Yao,Ping Yeh,Adam Zalcman,Hartmut Neven,John M. Martinis +76 more