Journal ArticleDOI
Visualization and live imaging analysis of a mosquito saliva protein in host animal skin using a transgenic mosquito with a secreted luciferase reporter system.
Daisuke S. Yamamoto,Takashi Yokomine,Megumi Sumitani,K. Yagi,Hiroyuki Matsuoka,Shigeto Yoshida +5 more
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TLDR
The establishment of visualization and time‐lapse analysis of mosquito saliva in living vertebrate host skin is demonstrated and may facilitate the analysis of mosquitoes saliva after its injection into host skin, and the development of new drugs and disease control strategies.Abstract:
Mosquitoes inject saliva into a vertebrate host during blood feeding. The analysis of mosquito saliva in host skin is important for the elucidation of the inflammatory responses to mosquito bites, the development of antithrombotic drugs, and the transmission-blocking of vector-borne diseases. We produced transgenic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes expressing the secretory luciferase protein (MetLuc) fused to a saliva protein (AAPP) in the salivary glands. The transgene product (AAPP-MetLuc) of transgenic mosquitoes exhibited both luciferase activity as a MetLuc and binding activity to collagen as an AAPP. The detection of luminescence in the skin of mice bitten by transgenic mosquitoes showed that AAPP-MetLuc was injected into the skin as a component of saliva via blood feeding. AAPP-MetLuc remained at the mosquito bite site in host skin with luciferase activity for at least 4 h after blood feeding. AAPP was also suspected of remaining at the site of injury caused by the mosquito bite and blocking platelet aggregation by binding to collagen. These results demonstrated the establishment of visualization and time-lapse analysis of mosquito saliva in living vertebrate host skin. This technique may facilitate the analysis of mosquito saliva after its injection into host skin, and the development of new drugs and disease control strategies.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Parameters of Mosquito-Enhanced West Nile Virus Infection.
TL;DR: The effects of mosquito saliva and SGE were potent, long lasting, and localized, and these studies have implications for virus transmission in nature, where vertebrate hosts are fed upon by both infected and uninfected mosquitoes over time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of Insect Salivary Proteins in Blood Feeding, Host Immunity, Disease, and in the Development of Biomarkers for Vector Exposure
TL;DR: A practical application resulting from insect saliva research is the use of insect antigenic salivary protein as biomarkers of vector exposure in humans and animal reservoirs, an approach that is yielding interesting results in the field.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inhibition of Malaria Infection in Transgenic Anopheline Mosquitoes Lacking Salivary Gland Cells.
TL;DR: The dysfunction in the salivary glands enabled the inhibition of malaria transmission from hosts to mosquito midguts, which indicates that mosquito saliva plays an important role in malaria infection in the midgut of anopheline mosquitoes.
Journal ArticleDOI
DAF-shielded baculovirus-vectored vaccine enhances protection against malaria sporozoite challenge in mice
Mitsuhiro Iyori,Daisuke S. Yamamoto,Miako Sakaguchi,Masanori Mizutani,Sota Ogata,Hidesato Nishiura,Takahiko Tamura,Hiroyuki Matsuoka,Shigeto Yoshida +8 more
TL;DR: DAF-shielded BDES-vaccines offer great potential for development as a new malaria vaccine platform against the sporozoite challenge and achieve complement resistance both in vitro and in vivo.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adeno-Associated Virus as an Effective Malaria Booster Vaccine Following Adenovirus Priming.
Yenni Yusuf,Tatsuya Yoshii,Mitsuhiro Iyori,Kunitaka Yoshida,Hiroaki Mizukami,Shinya Fukumoto,Daisuke S. Yamamoto,Asrar Alam,Talha Bin Emran,Fitri Amelia,Ashekul Islam,Hiromu Otsuka,Eizo Takashima,Takafumi Tsuboi,Shigeto Yoshida +14 more
TL;DR: The data indicate that AAV1-based malaria vaccines can confer potent and durable protection as well as TB efficacy when administered following an AdHu5 priming vaccine, supporting the further evaluation of this regimen in clinical trials as a next-generation malaria vaccine platform.
References
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Quantitative imaging of Plasmodium transmission from mosquito to mammal
Rogerio Amino,Rogerio Amino,Sabine Thiberge,Béatrice Martin,Susanna Celli,Spencer L. Shorte,Friedrich Frischknecht,Friedrich Frischknecht,Robert Ménard +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that only a proportion of the parasites enter blood capillaries, whereas others are drained by lymphatics, andymph sporozoites stop at the proximal lymph node, where most are degraded inside dendritic leucocytes, but some can partially differentiate into exoerythrocytic stages.
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Dose Escalation of Desmoteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke (DEDAS) Evidence of Safety and Efficacy 3 to 9 Hours After Stroke Onset
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TL;DR: The results of DEDAS generally support the results of its predecessor study, Desmoteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke (DIAS), and at a dose of 125 &mgr;g/kg desmotesplase appeared to improve clinical outcome, especially in patients fulfilling all MRI criteria.
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Migration of Plasmodium Sporozoites Through Cells Before Infection
Maria M. Mota,Gabriele Pradel,Jerome P. Vanderberg,Julius C. R. Hafalla,Ute Frevert,Ruth S. Nussenzweig,Victor Nussenzweig,Ana Rodriguez +7 more
TL;DR: Sporozoite migration through several cells in the mammalian host appears to be essential for the completion of the life cycle of Plasmodium sporozoites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of saliva in blood-feeding by arthropods
TL;DR: Distribution du sang dans la peau, agregation des plaquettes et vasoconstriction, coagulation, inflammation and hemostase, immunite, role de la salive chez les arthropodes hematophages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stable germline transformation of the malaria mosquito Anopheles stephensi
Flaminia Catteruccia,Tony Nolan,Thanasis G. Loukeris,Claudia Blass,Charalambos Savakis,Fotis C. Kafatos,Andrea Crisanti +6 more
TL;DR: A transposon, based on the Minos element and bearing exogenous DNA, can integrate efficiently and stably into the germ line of the human malaria vector Anopheles stephensi, through a transposase-mediated process.