Vitamin K and bone.
TLDR
The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the protective role of Vitamin K in bone and vascular health.Abstract:
Vitamin K is mainly known as an agent involved in blood coagulation, maintaining the activity of coagulation factors in the liver. In addition, epidemiological studies suggested that a lack of vitamin K is associated with several diseases, including osteoporosis and vascular calcification. There are two main kinds of vitamin K: Phylloquinone (or PK) and Menaquinones (MKn), both act as co-enzyme of y-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) transforming under-carboxylated in carboxylated vitamin K dependent proteins, such as Bone Gla Protein (or Osteocalcin) and Matrix Gla Protein. Recently, Vitamin K was also identified as a ligand of the nuclear steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR) (in murine species Pregnane X Receptor: PXR), expressed in osteoblasts. The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the protective role of Vitamin K in bone and vascular health.read more
Citations
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Vitamin K and Osteoporosis
Maria Fusaro,Maria Fusaro,Giuseppe Cianciolo,Maria Luisa Brandi,Serge Ferrari,Thomas L. Nickolas,Giovanni Tripepi,Mario Plebani,Martina Zaninotto,Giorgio Iervasi,Gaetano La Manna,Maurizio Gallieni,Roberto Vettor,Andrea Aghi,Lorenzo Gasperoni,Sandro Giannini,Stefania Sella,Angela M. Cheung +17 more
TL;DR: It is pointed out the relevance of an adequate vitamin K intake to obtain sufficient levels of carboxylated (active form) vitamin K dependent proteins (such as Osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein) to prevent bone health.
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Association between gut microbiota, bone metabolism, and fracture risk in postmenopausal Japanese women
TL;DR: Variation in abundance of specific microbiota was found to be significantly associated with fracture risk and vitamin K levels, and Bacteroides and Rikenellaceae may be involved in bone metabolism and fracture risk.
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Metabolic and functional interplay between gut microbiota and fat-soluble vitamins
TL;DR: A two-way relationship appears to emerge from the available literature with important effects on human metabolism, nutrition, GI physiology and immune function between a specific group of lipids and essential nutrients, e.g., fat-soluble vitamins (FSVs), and the gut microbiota.
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Vitamin K effects in human health: new insights beyond bone and cardiovascular health
TL;DR: This review discusses vitamin K status in human health and the physiologic and pathologic roles of VKDPs, beyond the established effects in skeletal and cardiovascular health.
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Cardiac valve calcification and use of anticoagulants: Preliminary observation of a potentially modifiable risk factor
Luca Di Lullo,Giovanni Tripepi,Claudio Ronco,Graziella D'Arrigo,Vincenzo Barbera,Domenico Russo,Biagio Di Iorio,Massimo Uguccioni,Ernesto Paoletti,Maura Ravera,Maria Fusaro,Antonio Bellasi +11 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis is generated that the use of Rivaroxaban associates with a reduction of cardiac valve calcification deposition and progression as compared to Warfarin, in a cohort of CKD stage 3b-4 patients.
References
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Dietary reference intakes: vitamin A, vitamin K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc.
TL;DR: The DRIs represent the new approach adopted by the Food and Nutrition Board to providing quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes for use in a variety of settings, replacing and expanding on the past 50 years of periodic updates and revisions of the Recommended Dietary Allowances.
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Definition, evaluation, and classification of renal osteodystrophy: A position statement from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO)
Sharon M. Moe,Tilman B. Drüeke,John Cunningham,Wayne K. Goodman,Kevin J. Martin,Klaus Olgaard,Susan M. Ott,Stuart M. Sprague,Norbert Lameire,Garabed Eknoyan +9 more
TL;DR: It is recommended that the term renal osteodystrophy be used exclusively to define alterations in bone morphology associated with CKD, and the term CKD-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) be used to describe a broader clinical syndrome that develops as a systemic disorder of mineral and bone metabolism due to CKD.
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Hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants.
TL;DR: In humans, delayed removal of chylomicron remnants has been documented in diabetes, renal failure, and familial combined hyperlipemia and is the abnormality resulting in type III hyperlipidemia.
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Vitamin K2 (Menatetrenone) Effectively Prevents Fractures and Sustains Lumbar Bone Mineral Density in Osteoporosis
TL;DR: It is suggested thatitamin K2 treatment effectively prevents the occurrence of new fractures, although the vitamin K2–treated group failed to increase in LBMD.
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New insights into the biology of osteocalcin
TL;DR: It is suggested that the ability of osteocalcin to function both locally in bone and as a hormone depends on a novel post-translational mechanism that alters osteoccin's affinity for the bone matrix and bioavailability.