Showing papers on "Bioprocess published in 2022"
TL;DR: The pitfalls of using incorrectly designed immobilization protocols are highlighted and why in many cases sub-optimal results are obtained and solutions to overcome these challenges are described.
Abstract: Enzyme immobilization has been developing since the 1960s and although many industrial biocatalytic processes use the technology to improve enzyme performance, still today we are far from full exploitation of the field. One clear reason is that many evaluate immobilization based on only a few experiments that are not always well-designed. In contrast to many other reviews on the subject, here we highlight the pitfalls of using incorrectly designed immobilization protocols and explain why in many cases sub-optimal results are obtained. We also describe solutions to overcome these challenges and come to the conclusion that recent developments in material science, bioprocess engineering and protein science continue to open new opportunities for the future. In this way, enzyme immobilization, far from being a mature discipline, remains as a subject of high interest and where intense research is still necessary to take full advantage of the possibilities.
96 citations
TL;DR: This review covers various platforms of AD process that results in different final products from microbiological point of view and highlights distinctive interactions occurring among microbial communities.
Abstract: ABSTRACT In the past decades, considerable attention has been directed toward anaerobic digestion (AD), which is an effective biological process for converting diverse organic wastes into biogas, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), biohydrogen, etc. The microbial bioprocessing takes part during AD is of substantial significance, and one of the crucial approaches for the deep and adequate understanding and manipulating it toward different products is process microbiology. Due to highly complexity of AD microbiome, it is critically important to study the involved microorganisms in AD. In recent years, in addition to traditional methods, novel molecular techniques and meta-omics approaches have been developed which provide accurate details about microbial communities involved AD. Better understanding of process microbiomes could guide us in identifying and controlling various factors in both improving the AD process and diverting metabolic pathway toward production of selective bio-products. This review covers various platforms of AD process that results in different final products from microbiological point of view. The review also highlights distinctive interactions occurring among microbial communities. Furthermore, assessment of these communities existing in the anaerobic digesters is discussed to provide more insights into their structure, dynamics, and metabolic pathways. Moreover, the important factors affecting microbial communities in each platform of AD are highlighted. Finally, the review provides some recent applications of AD for the production of novel bio-products and deals with challenges and future perspectives of AD.
62 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the importance of integration of lignocellulosic biorefineries with existing petrochemical refineries, the technical challenges of industrialization, SWOT analysis, and future directions have been reviewed.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , an overview of the principles and applications of thermochemical processes (pyrolysis, torrefaction, hydrothermal liquefaction, and gasification) involved in lignocellulosic biomass biorefinery for potential biofuel applications is provided.
39 citations
TL;DR: Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are popular and inexpensive green liquids found effective for lignocellulosic biomass valorisation as discussed by the authors , and they have negligible vapor-pressure and are non-flammable, recyclable, cost-economic, and thermochemically stable.
37 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present an in-depth analysis of the current developments in consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) around the globe and the possibilities of advancements in the future and present a cost-effective and feasible CBP process is the recognition of bifunctional catalysts combining the capability to use the substrates and transform them into value-added products with high efficiency.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a critical review of cutting-edge IoT technologies that could be adopted to microalgae biorefinery in the upstream and downstream processing are described comprehensively.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a review summarizes the novel technological developments in adapting genetic and metabolic engineering strategies for selection and construction of chassis strains for BDO and acetoin production and evaluates the technoeconomic aspects evaluating the viability and industrial potential of bio-based BDO production.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the advantages and limitations of anaerobic fermentation along with biogas CO2 fixation for succinic acid (SA) and digestate rich in volatile fatty acid (VFA) utilization for medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) were discussed.
29 citations
Yonsei University1, KAERI2, University of Maryland, College Park3, Luleå University of Technology4, Cranfield University5, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology6, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research7, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute8, Hanyang University9, Kwangwoon University10
TL;DR: In this paper, the advantages and limitations of anaerobic fermentation along with biogas CO2 fixation for succinic acid (SA) and digestate rich in volatile fatty acid (VFA) utilization for medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are discussed.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a review of consolidated bioprocessing for lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production is presented, focusing on biomass pretreatments, process enhancements, recombinant microbial catalysts and enzymes, and metabolic engineering.
TL;DR: In this article , the progress achieved in constructing S. cerevisiae to produce bioethanol in a consolidated bio-processing (CBP) framework is discussed, where different techniques of developing cellulolytic yeast strains are initially explained followed by relevant strategies to tackle the key bottlenecks associated with the process.
TL;DR: Process Analytical Technology (PAT) instruments include analyzers capable of measuring physical and chemical process parameters and key attributes with the goal of optimizing process controls as mentioned in this paper, and are designed to integrate within the pharmaceutical manufacturing line and is coupled with computing equipment to perform chemometric modeling for result interpretation and multilayer statistical control of processes.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors provide an in-depth analysis of bioprocess technologies needed for cell-based meat production and challenges in reaching commercial scale and explore innovations to make cultured meat a viable protein alternative across numerous key performance indicators and for specific applications where traditional livestock is not an option.
TL;DR: Process Analytical Technology (PAT) instruments include analyzers capable of measuring physical and chemical process parameters and key attributes with the goal of optimizing process controls as mentioned in this paper , and are designed to integrate within the pharmaceutical manufacturing line and is coupled with computing equipment to perform chemometric modeling for result interpretation and multilayer statistical control of processes.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present a bibliometric analysis of research trends in the application of solid-state fermentation in the bioprocessing of agro-industrial wastes.
TL;DR: Research on food enzyme immobilization is aimed at sustainability, cost-effectiveness, automation, high-throughput, multifunction, and safety, which enable new applications in food bioprocessing, food analyses, food control and food packaging, etc.
Abstract: Food enzyme immobilization is a technology to mitigate various limitations of free enzymes in food processing. Versatile carriers such as agro-waste based materials, nano materials, and metal organic frameworks are developed to immobilize enzymes with improved enzymological characteristics to enable catalytic reactions to be carried out under sophisticated and extreme processing conditions. New fabrication technologies of immobilized food enzymes, for example, 3D printing and coaxial electrospraying also enhance enzyme functionality. Recent research on food enzyme immobilization is aimed at sustainability, cost-effectiveness, automation, high-throughput, multifunction, and safety. These developments enable new applications in food bioprocessing, food analyses, food control and food packaging, and so on.
TL;DR: The present review deals with fungal chitosan production processes focusing on waste-oriented and integrated production processes, and bases the discussion on the bioprocess typology.
Abstract: Conventionally, the commercial supply of chitin and chitosan relies on shellfish wastes as the extraction sources. However, the fungal sources constitute a valuable option, especially for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, due to the batch-to-batch unsteady properties of chitin and chitosan from conventional ones. Fungal production of these glycans is not affected by seasonality enables accurate process control and, consequently, more uniform properties of the obtained product. Moreover, liquid and solid production media often are derived from wastes, thus enabling the application of circular economy criteria and improving the process economics. The present review deals with fungal chitosan production processes focusing on waste-oriented and integrated production processes. In doing so, contrary to other reviews that used a genus-specific approach for organizing the available information, the present one bases the discussion on the bioprocess typology. Finally, the main process parameters affecting chitosan production and their interactions are critically discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper , a review summarizes different single and integrated physicochemical pretreatments for delignification of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) and conditions required for effective de-lignification and the advantages and drawbacks of each method were evaluated.
TL;DR: The sugar amounts produced from one-pot processes using 1 mg of CBD2 and CBD3 were higher than that of Celluclast 1.5 L by 2.0 and 4.5 times, respectively, suggesting their potential for further application in the biorefining process of value-added products.
Abstract: Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment of lignocellulose is an efficient method for the enhancement of enzymatic saccharification. However, the remaining residues of ILs deactivate cellulase, therefore making intensive biomass washing after pretreatment necessary. This study aimed to develop the one-pot process combining IL pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification by using low-toxic choline acetate ([Ch][OAc]) and IL-tolerant bacterial cellulases. Crude cellulases produced from saline soil inhabited Bacillus sp. CBD2 and Brevibacillus sp. CBD3 were tested under the influence of 0.5–2.0 M [Ch][OAc], which showed that their activities retained at more than 95%. However, [Ch][OAc] had toxicity to CBD2 and CBD3 cultures, in which only 32.85% and 12.88% were alive at 0.5 M [Ch][OAc]. Based on the specific enzyme activities, the sugar amounts produced from one-pot processes using 1 mg of CBD2 and CBD3 were higher than that of Celluclast 1.5 L by 2.0 and 4.5 times, respectively, suggesting their potential for further application in the biorefining process of value-added products.
TL;DR: In this article , a review of the challenges and strategies for xylitol biotechnological production is presented, which aims to provide insights for the development of a more economically competitive, less energy demanding and scalable new technology for Xylitol production.
Abstract: Xylitol is a GRAS ( Generally Recognized as Safe ) polyol commonly used in the food industry and able to promote several benefits to the health. In addition, it can also be used as a building block molecule for the manufacture of different high-value chemicals. Currently, the commercial production of xylitol occurs by chemical route through the catalytic hydrogenation of xylose from lignocellulosic biomass. Since this is an expensive process due to the severe reactional conditions employed, the biotechnological route for xylitol production, which comprises the biological conversion of xylose into xylitol, emerges as a potential lower-cost alternative to obtain this polyol due to the milder process conditions required. However, the biotechnological route still presents important bottlenecks and challenges that impairs the process scaling up. Modern strategies and technologies that can potentially improve xylitol bioproduction include adaptive evolution of microbial strains to enhance their tolerance to inhibitors and the xylose uptake rate during the fermentation step; development of engineered microorganisms to result in higher xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion yields; as well as xylitol purification techniques to improve the recovery yields. Moreover, techno-economic analysis of the overall production chain is essential to identify the process viability for large-scale implementation as well as the steps requiring improvements. These are some key factors discussed in this review, which aims to provide insights for the development of a more economically competitive, less energy demanding and scalable new technology for xylitol production. • Xylitol bioproduction requires less severe conditions than its chemical production. • Main challenges and strategies for xylitol biotechnological production are discussed. • Strain improvement can result in better xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion. • Techno-economic analysis indicate cost-efficient strategies for process scaling up.
TL;DR: In this article , food enzymes are used to mitigate various limitations of free enzymes in food processing, such as sustainability, cost-effectiveness, automation, high-throughput, multifunction, and safety.
Abstract: Food enzyme immobilization is a technology to mitigate various limitations of free enzymes in food processing. Versatile carriers such as agro-waste based materials, nano materials, and metal organic frameworks are developed to immobilize enzymes with improved enzymological characteristics to enable catalytic reactions to be carried out under sophisticated and extreme processing conditions. New fabrication technologies of immobilized food enzymes, for example, 3D printing and coaxial electrospraying also enhance enzyme functionality. Recent research on food enzyme immobilization is aimed at sustainability, cost-effectiveness, automation, high-throughput, multifunction, and safety. These developments enable new applications in food bioprocessing, food analyses, food control and food packaging, and so on.
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the biotechnological route for xylitol production is presented, which aims to provide insights for the development of a more economically competitive, less energy demanding, and scalable new technology for Xylitol, which can also be used as a building block molecule for the manufacture of different high value chemicals.
Abstract: Xylitol is a GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) polyol commonly used in the food industry and able to promote several benefits to the health. In addition, it can also be used as a building block molecule for the manufacture of different high-value chemicals. Currently, the commercial production of xylitol occurs by chemical route through the catalytic hydrogenation of xylose from lignocellulosic biomass. Since this is an expensive process due to the severe reactional conditions employed, the biotechnological route for xylitol production, which comprises the biological conversion of xylose into xylitol, emerges as a potential lower-cost alternative to obtain this polyol due to the milder process conditions required. However, the biotechnological route still presents important bottlenecks and challenges that impairs the process scaling up. Modern strategies and technologies that can potentially improve xylitol bioproduction include adaptive evolution of microbial strains to enhance their tolerance to inhibitors and the xylose uptake rate during the fermentation step; development of engineered microorganisms to result in higher xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion yields; as well as xylitol purification techniques to improve the recovery yields. Moreover, techno-economic analysis of the overall production chain is essential to identify the process viability for large-scale implementation as well as the steps requiring improvements. These are some key factors discussed in this review, which aims to provide insights for the development of a more economically competitive, less energy demanding and scalable new technology for xylitol production.
TL;DR: In this article , a review of the recent advances in microalgae cultivation and strategies to induce lipid production via the manipulation of abiotic growth factors is presented, and the utilization and bioprocessing of algal biomass towards biodiesel production is also briefly discussed.
TL;DR: Recently, considerable progress has been made in bioprocessing technologies for muscle stem cells (MuSCs), including isolation, expansion, differentiation, and tissue building as discussed by the authors , and their applicability to refining the production process for cultured meat and accelerating its industrialization.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarize non-enzymatic and enzymatic electrochemical approaches for cofactor regeneration, then discuss recent developments to solve major issues such as Rh-catalyst mediated enzyme mutual inactivation, electron-transfer rates, catalyst sustainability, product selectivity and simplifying product purification.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors summarize non-enzymatic and enzymatic electrochemical approaches for cofactor regeneration, then discuss recent developments to solve major issues such as Rh-catalyst mediated enzyme mutual inactivation, electron-transfer rates, catalyst sustainability, product selectivity and simplifying product purification.
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of high throughput micro-scale feeding strategies have been developed which improve the accessibility of micro-batch fed-batch cultivation irrespective of experimental budget, and their role in accelerating bioprocess development.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors summarize the recent scientific and biotechnological progresses on astaxanthin biosynthetic pathways, transcriptional regulations, the interrelation with lipid metabolism, engineering strategies as well as fermentation process control in major native and non-native producers.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors reviewed the factors influencing simultaneous nitrification-denitrification (SND) and its application in biofilm systems from laboratory to full scale, and provided operational strategies to enhance SND efficiency and hints to reduce nitrogen oxide emission and operational costs.